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Activation of human B cells with the Moraxella catarrhalis IgD-binding protein MID

Hadzic, Radinka LU (2005) In Journal of Immunology, Scandinavian Journal of Immunology
Abstract
Moraxella catarrhalis is a respiratory tract pathogen that causes significant health problems, including acute otitis media in children, lower respiratory tract infections in adults and the elderly and sinusitis in both children and adults. The interest in M. catarrhalis bacteria has increased over the past 20 years, both because of the emergence of the bacteria as a human pathogen and because of its increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance. For these reasons, attention has been focused on the importance of a viable vaccine against M. catarrhalis. The outer membrane protein MID (Moraxella IgD-binding protein) from M. catarrhalis is one of the potential candidates. In this matter, knowledge of the interactions of potential candidates... (More)
Moraxella catarrhalis is a respiratory tract pathogen that causes significant health problems, including acute otitis media in children, lower respiratory tract infections in adults and the elderly and sinusitis in both children and adults. The interest in M. catarrhalis bacteria has increased over the past 20 years, both because of the emergence of the bacteria as a human pathogen and because of its increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance. For these reasons, attention has been focused on the importance of a viable vaccine against M. catarrhalis. The outer membrane protein MID (Moraxella IgD-binding protein) from M. catarrhalis is one of the potential candidates. In this matter, knowledge of the interactions of potential candidates (i.e. MID) with human cells is of much significance. MID has the unique ability to bind to IgD-positive B lymphocytes (B cells). These cells are key agents in the immune system, with their specific role as immunoglobulin- (Ig) secreting cells. This ability is crucial for recognising and responding to external antigens, and is the underlying factor for adaptive immunity. In this thesis the interactions between MID and human B cells have been investigated. The potential of the MID protein to function as a B-cell activator has been studied using both primary B cells and different B cell lines. We show that MID has the capacity to activate peripheral blood and tonsillar B cells, to both proliferation and IL-6 secretion. The importance of B cell surface molecules for MID binding and activation of the cells has also been studied. Results presented here demonstrate that the two B cell co-receptors, CD19 and CD21, are highly important for MID-induced activation. We show that for a B-cell response in young individuals the CD19 molecule must be available. Furthermore, information from studies of different B cell lines indicates that the CD21 molecule is important in mediating a successful IgD-binding, although MID-binding to CD21 alone is not sufficient to induce cell activation. Moreover, we present data that MID-induced activation of tonsillar B cells is inhibited by Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), a common serine inhibitor in plasma and tissues. (Less)
Abstract (Swedish)
Popular Abstract in Swedish

Moraxella catarrhalis är en bakterie som tillhör vår normala bakterieflora. Den är dock också en luftvägspatogen som kan orsaka öroninflammation hos barn, nedre luftvägsinfektioner hos vuxna och äldre, och bihåleinflammation hos både barn och vuxna. Intresset kring M. catarrhalis som patogen har ökat de senaste 20 åren, både på grund av ökat antal insjuknande personer och den ökade prevalencen av antibiotika-resistenta bakterie stammar. Nu vill man gärna öka kunskaperna om M. catarrhalis så man kan tillverka ett vaccin mot bakterien. Det yttre membranproteinet MID (Moraxella catarrhalis IgD bindande protein) från M. catarrhalis skulle kunna vara en av kandidaterna till ett vaccin. Det är nu... (More)
Popular Abstract in Swedish

Moraxella catarrhalis är en bakterie som tillhör vår normala bakterieflora. Den är dock också en luftvägspatogen som kan orsaka öroninflammation hos barn, nedre luftvägsinfektioner hos vuxna och äldre, och bihåleinflammation hos både barn och vuxna. Intresset kring M. catarrhalis som patogen har ökat de senaste 20 åren, både på grund av ökat antal insjuknande personer och den ökade prevalencen av antibiotika-resistenta bakterie stammar. Nu vill man gärna öka kunskaperna om M. catarrhalis så man kan tillverka ett vaccin mot bakterien. Det yttre membranproteinet MID (Moraxella catarrhalis IgD bindande protein) från M. catarrhalis skulle kunna vara en av kandidaterna till ett vaccin. Det är nu mycket vigtigt att samla information om hur de olika vaccinkandidaterna interagerar med humana celler. MID har den unika egenskapen att binda B-lymfocyter (B-celler) som uttrycker B-cells receptorn IgD. B-celler är nyckelfaktorer i vårt immunsystem, med sin specifika förmåga att utsöndra immunoglobuliner (Ig). Denna egenskap är mycket viktig för att kroppen skall känna igen och svara mot yttre antigen, och utgör basen för vårt förvärvade immunsvar (dvs att kroppen känner igen antigen som vi har stött på tidligare i livet, och kan snabbt ge ett immunsvar på dessa). I min avhandling har jag beskrivit hur MID interagerar med humana B-celler, och MIDs förmåga som aktivator för B-celler. För detta har vi använt oss av både så kallade primära celler, som B-celler från blod och från tonsillvävnad, samt olika B-cellinjer. Vi visar att MID kan stimulera till både proliferation och cytokin sekretion (IL-6) hos B-celler, vilka båda är aktiveringsmarkörer för delande B-celler. De flesta B-celler behöver ytterligare hjälp från så kallade T-celler, för att kunna mogna och stimuleras optimalt av yttre antigen. Våra resultat visar att MID proteinet kan framkalla så kallat ?class switch? in vitro hos periferala B-celler när co-stimulatoriska faktorer, vanligtvis producerade av T-celler är närvarande. Detta gör att B-cellerna börjar utsöndra IgA och IgG antikroppar, vars roll in vivo är att evakuera främmande antigen. Vi har också studerat vikten av andra receptorer på B-cellens yta för MID-bindning och aktivering. Våra resultat visar att B-cellens egna co-receptorer, CD19 och CD21, som hjälper B-cellen att svara på främmande antigen, är av stor betydelse även för MID-inducerad aktivering. Vi visar att CD19 molekylen är mycket viktig för att mindre mogna B-celler från barn ska kunna ge ett optimalt immunsvar. Våra resultat från olika B-cellslinjer som varierar i sitt CD21- och IgD-uttryck, indikerar att CD21 är avgörande för en bra IgD- bindning av MID till B-celler. MID-bindning till CD21 är dock inte tillräcklig för inducering av B-cells aktivering. Vi presenterar också data som visar att MID-aktivering av tonsillära B-celler inhiberas av Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), ett mycket vanligt förekommande serum- och vävnadsprotein i människa. (Less)
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organization
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type
Thesis
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Mikrobiologi, bakteriologi, virology, mycology, bacteriology, AAT, Microbiology, tonsils, CD19, CD21, MID, B cells, serology, virologi, mykologi, Immunology, transplantation, Immunologi, serologi, Moraxella catarrhalis
in
Journal of Immunology, Scandinavian Journal of Immunology
publisher
Inst f Laboratoriemedicin, Malmö Medicinska fakulteten, LU
defense location
Föreläsningssalen, Patologihuset, ingång 78.
defense date
2005-05-23 09:15:00
ISSN
1652-8220
ISBN
91-85439-39-8
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
a57d07f0-ec3c-413c-8541-0e21f7f74230 (old id 545161)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 16:44:25
date last changed
2019-05-21 14:58:22
@phdthesis{a57d07f0-ec3c-413c-8541-0e21f7f74230,
  abstract     = {{Moraxella catarrhalis is a respiratory tract pathogen that causes significant health problems, including acute otitis media in children, lower respiratory tract infections in adults and the elderly and sinusitis in both children and adults. The interest in M. catarrhalis bacteria has increased over the past 20 years, both because of the emergence of the bacteria as a human pathogen and because of its increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance. For these reasons, attention has been focused on the importance of a viable vaccine against M. catarrhalis. The outer membrane protein MID (Moraxella IgD-binding protein) from M. catarrhalis is one of the potential candidates. In this matter, knowledge of the interactions of potential candidates (i.e. MID) with human cells is of much significance. MID has the unique ability to bind to IgD-positive B lymphocytes (B cells). These cells are key agents in the immune system, with their specific role as immunoglobulin- (Ig) secreting cells. This ability is crucial for recognising and responding to external antigens, and is the underlying factor for adaptive immunity. In this thesis the interactions between MID and human B cells have been investigated. The potential of the MID protein to function as a B-cell activator has been studied using both primary B cells and different B cell lines. We show that MID has the capacity to activate peripheral blood and tonsillar B cells, to both proliferation and IL-6 secretion. The importance of B cell surface molecules for MID binding and activation of the cells has also been studied. Results presented here demonstrate that the two B cell co-receptors, CD19 and CD21, are highly important for MID-induced activation. We show that for a B-cell response in young individuals the CD19 molecule must be available. Furthermore, information from studies of different B cell lines indicates that the CD21 molecule is important in mediating a successful IgD-binding, although MID-binding to CD21 alone is not sufficient to induce cell activation. Moreover, we present data that MID-induced activation of tonsillar B cells is inhibited by Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), a common serine inhibitor in plasma and tissues.}},
  author       = {{Hadzic, Radinka}},
  isbn         = {{91-85439-39-8}},
  issn         = {{1652-8220}},
  keywords     = {{Mikrobiologi; bakteriologi; virology; mycology; bacteriology; AAT; Microbiology; tonsils; CD19; CD21; MID; B cells; serology; virologi; mykologi; Immunology; transplantation; Immunologi; serologi; Moraxella catarrhalis}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Inst f Laboratoriemedicin, Malmö Medicinska fakulteten, LU}},
  school       = {{Lund University}},
  series       = {{Journal of Immunology, Scandinavian Journal of Immunology}},
  title        = {{Activation of human B cells with the Moraxella catarrhalis IgD-binding protein MID}},
  year         = {{2005}},
}