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Airborne particles in indoor environment of homes, schools, offices and aged care facilities : The main routes of exposure

Morawska, L. ; Ayoko, G. A. ; Bae, G. N. ; Buonanno, Giorgio ; Chao, C. Y. H. ; Clifford, S. ; Fu, Sai Chuen ; Hänninen, Otto ; He, C and Isaxon, C. LU , et al. (2017) In Environment International 108. p.75-83
Abstract

It has been shown that the exposure to airborne particulate matter is one of the most significant environmental risks people face. Since indoor environment is where people spend the majority of time, in order to protect against this risk, the origin of the particles needs to be understood: do they come from indoor, outdoor sources or both? Further, this question needs to be answered separately for each of the PM mass/number size fractions, as they originate from different sources. Numerous studies have been conducted for specific indoor environments or under specific setting. Here our aim was to go beyond the specifics of individual studies, and to explore, based on pooled data from the literature, whether there are generalizable trends... (More)

It has been shown that the exposure to airborne particulate matter is one of the most significant environmental risks people face. Since indoor environment is where people spend the majority of time, in order to protect against this risk, the origin of the particles needs to be understood: do they come from indoor, outdoor sources or both? Further, this question needs to be answered separately for each of the PM mass/number size fractions, as they originate from different sources. Numerous studies have been conducted for specific indoor environments or under specific setting. Here our aim was to go beyond the specifics of individual studies, and to explore, based on pooled data from the literature, whether there are generalizable trends in routes of exposure at homes, schools and day cares, offices and aged care facilities. To do this, we quantified the overall 24 h and occupancy weighted means of PM10, PM2.5 and PN - particle number concentration. Based on this, we developed a summary of the indoor versus outdoor origin of indoor particles and compared the means to the WHO guidelines (for PM10 and PM2.5) and to the typical levels reported for urban environments (PN). We showed that the main origins of particle metrics differ from one type of indoor environment to another. For homes, outdoor air is the main origin of PM10 and PM2.5 but PN originate from indoor sources; for schools and day cares, outdoor air is the source of PN while PM10 and PM2.5 have indoor sources; and for offices, outdoor air is the source of all three particle size fractions. While each individual building is different, leading to differences in exposure and ideally necessitating its own assessment (which is very rarely done), our findings point to the existence of generalizable trends for the main types of indoor environments where people spend time, and therefore to the type of prevention measures which need to be considered in general for these environments.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Aged care indoor particles, Child care indoor particles, Home indoor particles, Indoor aerosols, Indoor particulate matter, Indoor ultrafine particles, Office indoor particles, School indoor particles
in
Environment International
volume
108
pages
75 - 83
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • scopus:85026885239
  • pmid:28802170
  • wos:000411604400008
ISSN
0160-4120
DOI
10.1016/j.envint.2017.07.025
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
63913e6f-314a-4c2c-b067-ad73092bc19b
date added to LUP
2017-08-29 09:55:42
date last changed
2024-04-14 17:10:50
@article{63913e6f-314a-4c2c-b067-ad73092bc19b,
  abstract     = {{<p>It has been shown that the exposure to airborne particulate matter is one of the most significant environmental risks people face. Since indoor environment is where people spend the majority of time, in order to protect against this risk, the origin of the particles needs to be understood: do they come from indoor, outdoor sources or both? Further, this question needs to be answered separately for each of the PM mass/number size fractions, as they originate from different sources. Numerous studies have been conducted for specific indoor environments or under specific setting. Here our aim was to go beyond the specifics of individual studies, and to explore, based on pooled data from the literature, whether there are generalizable trends in routes of exposure at homes, schools and day cares, offices and aged care facilities. To do this, we quantified the overall 24 h and occupancy weighted means of PM<sub>10</sub>, PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PN - particle number concentration. Based on this, we developed a summary of the indoor versus outdoor origin of indoor particles and compared the means to the WHO guidelines (for PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub>) and to the typical levels reported for urban environments (PN). We showed that the main origins of particle metrics differ from one type of indoor environment to another. For homes, outdoor air is the main origin of PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> but PN originate from indoor sources; for schools and day cares, outdoor air is the source of PN while PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> have indoor sources; and for offices, outdoor air is the source of all three particle size fractions. While each individual building is different, leading to differences in exposure and ideally necessitating its own assessment (which is very rarely done), our findings point to the existence of generalizable trends for the main types of indoor environments where people spend time, and therefore to the type of prevention measures which need to be considered in general for these environments.</p>}},
  author       = {{Morawska, L. and Ayoko, G. A. and Bae, G. N. and Buonanno, Giorgio and Chao, C. Y. H. and Clifford, S. and Fu, Sai Chuen and Hänninen, Otto and He, C and Isaxon, C. and Mazaheri, M. and Salthammer, T. and Waring, M. S. and Wierzbicka, A.}},
  issn         = {{0160-4120}},
  keywords     = {{Aged care indoor particles; Child care indoor particles; Home indoor particles; Indoor aerosols; Indoor particulate matter; Indoor ultrafine particles; Office indoor particles; School indoor particles}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{75--83}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{Environment International}},
  title        = {{Airborne particles in indoor environment of homes, schools, offices and aged care facilities : The main routes of exposure}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2017.07.025}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.envint.2017.07.025}},
  volume       = {{108}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}