Skip to main content

Lund University Publications

LUND UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES

The PMIP4 contribution to CMIP6 - Part 3 : The last millennium, scientific objective, and experimental design for the PMIP4 past1000 simulations

Jungclaus, Johann H. ; Bard, Edouard ; Baroni, Mélanie ; Braconnot, Pascale ; Cao, Jian ; Chini, Louise P. ; Egorova, Tania ; Evans, Michael ; Fidel González-Rouco, J. and Goosse, Hugues , et al. (2017) In Geoscientific Model Development 10(11). p.4005-4033
Abstract

The pre-industrial millennium is among the periods selected by the Paleoclimate Model Intercomparison Project (PMIP) for experiments contributing to the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) and the fourth phase of the PMIP (PMIP4). The past1000 transient simulations serve to investigate the response to (mainly) natural forcing under background conditions not too different from today, and to discriminate between forced and internally generated variability on interannual to centennial timescales. This paper describes the motivation and the experimental set-ups for the PMIP4-CMIP6 past1000 simulations, and discusses the forcing agents orbital, solar, volcanic, and land use/land cover changes, and variations in... (More)

The pre-industrial millennium is among the periods selected by the Paleoclimate Model Intercomparison Project (PMIP) for experiments contributing to the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) and the fourth phase of the PMIP (PMIP4). The past1000 transient simulations serve to investigate the response to (mainly) natural forcing under background conditions not too different from today, and to discriminate between forced and internally generated variability on interannual to centennial timescales. This paper describes the motivation and the experimental set-ups for the PMIP4-CMIP6 past1000 simulations, and discusses the forcing agents orbital, solar, volcanic, and land use/land cover changes, and variations in greenhouse gas concentrations. The past1000 simulations covering the pre-industrial millennium from 850 Common Era (CE) to 1849 CE have to be complemented by historical simulations (1850 to 2014 CE) following the CMIP6 protocol. The external forcings for the past1000 experiments have been adapted to provide a seamless transition across these time periods. Protocols for the past1000 simulations have been divided into three tiers. A default forcing data set has been defined for the Tier 1 (the CMIP6 past1000) experiment. However, the PMIP community has maintained the flexibility to conduct coordinated sensitivity experiments to explore uncertainty in forcing reconstructions as well as parameter uncertainty in dedicated Tier 2 simulations. Additional experiments (Tier 3) are defined to foster collaborative model experiments focusing on the early instrumental period and to extend the temporal range and the scope of the simulations. This paper outlines current and future research foci and common analyses for collaborative work between the PMIP and the observational communities (reconstructions, instrumental data).

(Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; and , et al. (More)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; and (Less)
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Geoscientific Model Development
volume
10
issue
11
pages
29 pages
publisher
Copernicus GmbH
external identifiers
  • wos:000414599900001
  • scopus:85033382934
ISSN
1991-959X
DOI
10.5194/gmd-10-4005-2017
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
81a4552b-4c0e-44ac-80c3-7728afc93a11
date added to LUP
2017-11-20 12:21:51
date last changed
2025-02-04 03:14:02
@article{81a4552b-4c0e-44ac-80c3-7728afc93a11,
  abstract     = {{<p>The pre-industrial millennium is among the periods selected by the Paleoclimate Model Intercomparison Project (PMIP) for experiments contributing to the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) and the fourth phase of the PMIP (PMIP4). The past1000 transient simulations serve to investigate the response to (mainly) natural forcing under background conditions not too different from today, and to discriminate between forced and internally generated variability on interannual to centennial timescales. This paper describes the motivation and the experimental set-ups for the PMIP4-CMIP6 past1000 simulations, and discusses the forcing agents orbital, solar, volcanic, and land use/land cover changes, and variations in greenhouse gas concentrations. The past1000 simulations covering the pre-industrial millennium from 850 Common Era (CE) to 1849 CE have to be complemented by historical simulations (1850 to 2014 CE) following the CMIP6 protocol. The external forcings for the past1000 experiments have been adapted to provide a seamless transition across these time periods. Protocols for the past1000 simulations have been divided into three tiers. A default forcing data set has been defined for the Tier 1 (the CMIP6 past1000) experiment. However, the PMIP community has maintained the flexibility to conduct coordinated sensitivity experiments to explore uncertainty in forcing reconstructions as well as parameter uncertainty in dedicated Tier 2 simulations. Additional experiments (Tier 3) are defined to foster collaborative model experiments focusing on the early instrumental period and to extend the temporal range and the scope of the simulations. This paper outlines current and future research foci and common analyses for collaborative work between the PMIP and the observational communities (reconstructions, instrumental data).</p>}},
  author       = {{Jungclaus, Johann H. and Bard, Edouard and Baroni, Mélanie and Braconnot, Pascale and Cao, Jian and Chini, Louise P. and Egorova, Tania and Evans, Michael and Fidel González-Rouco, J. and Goosse, Hugues and Hurtt, George C. and Joos, Fortunat and Kaplan, Jed O. and Khodri, Myriam and Klein Goldewijk, Kees and Krivova, Natalie and Legrande, Allegra N. and Lorenz, Stephan J. and Luterbacher, Jürg and Man, Wenmin and Maycock, Amanda C. and Meinshausen, Malte and Moberg, Anders and Muscheler, Raimund and Nehrbass-Ahles, Christoph and Otto-Bliesner, Bette I. and Phipps, Steven J. and Pongratz, Julia and Rozanov, Eugene and Schmidt, Gavin A. and Schmidt, Hauke and Schmutz, Werner and Schurer, Andrew and Shapiro, Alexander I. and Sigl, Michael and Smerdon, Jason E. and Solanki, Sami K. and Timmreck, Claudia and Toohey, Matthew and Usoskin, Ilya G. and Wagner, Sebastian and Wu, Chi Ju and Leng Yeo, Kok and Zanchettin, Davide and Zhang, Qiong and Zorita, Eduardo}},
  issn         = {{1991-959X}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{11}},
  number       = {{11}},
  pages        = {{4005--4033}},
  publisher    = {{Copernicus GmbH}},
  series       = {{Geoscientific Model Development}},
  title        = {{The PMIP4 contribution to CMIP6 - Part 3 : The last millennium, scientific objective, and experimental design for the PMIP4 past1000 simulations}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-4005-2017}},
  doi          = {{10.5194/gmd-10-4005-2017}},
  volume       = {{10}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}