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Unimodular Transmit Sequence Design for FDA-MIMO Radar in the Presence of Mismatched Target Steering Vectors

Jia, Wenkai LU ; Jakobsson, Andreas LU orcid ; Jian, Jiangwei ; Li, Ping ; Huang, Bang and Wang, Wen Qin (2025) In IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 73(1). p.161-173
Abstract

When processing radar signals, the target steering vector is generally only partially known, being subject to various forms of errors and mismatches. In this article, we investigate the design of an unimodular transmit sequence that is robust against steering vector mismatches, with the aim of enhancing the performance of a frequency diverse array multiple-input-multiple-output (FDA-MIMO) radar system in the presence of signal-dependent main-lobe interference. The design is formulated as a max-min problem, constrained by the constant modulus of the transmit waveform, and seeks to maximize the worst case output signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) over the mismatched target steering vector. As the resulting problem is NP-hard,... (More)

When processing radar signals, the target steering vector is generally only partially known, being subject to various forms of errors and mismatches. In this article, we investigate the design of an unimodular transmit sequence that is robust against steering vector mismatches, with the aim of enhancing the performance of a frequency diverse array multiple-input-multiple-output (FDA-MIMO) radar system in the presence of signal-dependent main-lobe interference. The design is formulated as a max-min problem, constrained by the constant modulus of the transmit waveform, and seeks to maximize the worst case output signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) over the mismatched target steering vector. As the resulting problem is NP-hard, an iterative approximate scheme is proposed to allow for a feasible solution. Specifically, in each iteration, the inner optimization problem, which solves the norm-constrained steering vector mismatch, is addressed using a 1-D search. Subsequently, the unimodular transmit sequence is designed via two distinct algorithms, namely, the CC-SDR (Charnes-Cooper transformation combined with semidefinite relaxation technique) and CD-DIN (Dinkelbach's procedure embedded in a coordinated decent framework) algorithms. Through numerical simulations, we demonstrate the preferable performance of the proposed approaches in mitigating the adverse effects of steering vector mismatch and signal-dependent main-lobe interference.

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author
; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Frequency diverse array multiple-input-multiple-output (FDA-MIMO), iterative optimization, maximin problem, signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), steering vector mismatch, unimodular transmit sequence
in
IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation
volume
73
issue
1
pages
13 pages
publisher
IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
external identifiers
  • scopus:85210911416
ISSN
0018-926X
DOI
10.1109/TAP.2024.3502915
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
8f9a320f-62f8-4240-a6f6-d207ecd912dd
date added to LUP
2025-01-31 15:09:29
date last changed
2025-04-04 14:00:21
@article{8f9a320f-62f8-4240-a6f6-d207ecd912dd,
  abstract     = {{<p>When processing radar signals, the target steering vector is generally only partially known, being subject to various forms of errors and mismatches. In this article, we investigate the design of an unimodular transmit sequence that is robust against steering vector mismatches, with the aim of enhancing the performance of a frequency diverse array multiple-input-multiple-output (FDA-MIMO) radar system in the presence of signal-dependent main-lobe interference. The design is formulated as a max-min problem, constrained by the constant modulus of the transmit waveform, and seeks to maximize the worst case output signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) over the mismatched target steering vector. As the resulting problem is NP-hard, an iterative approximate scheme is proposed to allow for a feasible solution. Specifically, in each iteration, the inner optimization problem, which solves the norm-constrained steering vector mismatch, is addressed using a 1-D search. Subsequently, the unimodular transmit sequence is designed via two distinct algorithms, namely, the CC-SDR (Charnes-Cooper transformation combined with semidefinite relaxation technique) and CD-DIN (Dinkelbach's procedure embedded in a coordinated decent framework) algorithms. Through numerical simulations, we demonstrate the preferable performance of the proposed approaches in mitigating the adverse effects of steering vector mismatch and signal-dependent main-lobe interference.</p>}},
  author       = {{Jia, Wenkai and Jakobsson, Andreas and Jian, Jiangwei and Li, Ping and Huang, Bang and Wang, Wen Qin}},
  issn         = {{0018-926X}},
  keywords     = {{Frequency diverse array multiple-input-multiple-output (FDA-MIMO); iterative optimization; maximin problem; signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR); steering vector mismatch; unimodular transmit sequence}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{161--173}},
  publisher    = {{IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}},
  series       = {{IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation}},
  title        = {{Unimodular Transmit Sequence Design for FDA-MIMO Radar in the Presence of Mismatched Target Steering Vectors}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2024.3502915}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/TAP.2024.3502915}},
  volume       = {{73}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}