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Efficacy of Ca-modified cypress biochar in immobilization of heavy metals in contaminated soils

Shah, Syed Shabbar Hussain LU ; Nakagawa, Kei LU orcid ; Yokoyama, Riei and Berndtsson, Ronny LU orcid (2024) In Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 12(6).
Abstract

Heavy metal (HM) pollution remains a pressing global concern, affecting soil regarding food safety, and negatively influencing the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We investigated the efficacy of untreated cypress biochar (UCB) and Ca-modified cypress biochar (MCB) in mitigating HM contamination and enhancing growth across native and contaminated soils (40 mg/kg) in carrot pot experiments. Both biochar types were pyrolyzed at 900 °C and applied at rates of 3 %, 6 %, and 9 %. We found that carrot growth parameters significantly improved, particularly with 6 % UCB also for the contaminated soil. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis showed that both UCB and MCB reduced HM concentrations in the edible part of carrots grown in native... (More)

Heavy metal (HM) pollution remains a pressing global concern, affecting soil regarding food safety, and negatively influencing the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We investigated the efficacy of untreated cypress biochar (UCB) and Ca-modified cypress biochar (MCB) in mitigating HM contamination and enhancing growth across native and contaminated soils (40 mg/kg) in carrot pot experiments. Both biochar types were pyrolyzed at 900 °C and applied at rates of 3 %, 6 %, and 9 %. We found that carrot growth parameters significantly improved, particularly with 6 % UCB also for the contaminated soil. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis showed that both UCB and MCB reduced HM concentrations in the edible part of carrots grown in native and contaminated soils. Pb concentration declined from 1.3 mg/kg to below the detection limit (< 0.3 mg/kg), Zn concentrations decreased from 50.3 mg/kg to 39.8 mg/kg (9 % UCB) and to 36.8 mg/kg (9 % MCB), while Cu concentrations reduced from 35.3 mg/kg to 25.9 mg/kg (9 % UCB) and to 22.6 mg/kg (9 % MCB). MCB, characterized by high pH (9.7) and active nano-sized CaCO3 particles, demonstrated superior HM immobilization compared to UCB. Statistical analysis supported the superior efficacy of MCB in reducing HM bioavailability and uptake. Understanding the specific responses of different plant species to biochar amendments is essential for recommending broader applications of MCB for soil remediation and sustainable agriculture.

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author
; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Biotranslocation factors, Ca(OH), CaCO, Carrot, Health risk index, XRF analyzer
in
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
volume
12
issue
6
article number
114507
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • scopus:85207271689
ISSN
2213-3437
DOI
10.1016/j.jece.2024.114507
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
Publisher Copyright: © 2024 Elsevier Ltd
id
9bfbea60-dd2a-4cbd-bb22-96ff8f75314a
date added to LUP
2024-11-18 18:54:57
date last changed
2025-06-03 10:52:03
@article{9bfbea60-dd2a-4cbd-bb22-96ff8f75314a,
  abstract     = {{<p>Heavy metal (HM) pollution remains a pressing global concern, affecting soil regarding food safety, and negatively influencing the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We investigated the efficacy of untreated cypress biochar (UCB) and Ca-modified cypress biochar (MCB) in mitigating HM contamination and enhancing growth across native and contaminated soils (40 mg/kg) in carrot pot experiments. Both biochar types were pyrolyzed at 900 °C and applied at rates of 3 %, 6 %, and 9 %. We found that carrot growth parameters significantly improved, particularly with 6 % UCB also for the contaminated soil. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis showed that both UCB and MCB reduced HM concentrations in the edible part of carrots grown in native and contaminated soils. Pb concentration declined from 1.3 mg/kg to below the detection limit (&lt; 0.3 mg/kg), Zn concentrations decreased from 50.3 mg/kg to 39.8 mg/kg (9 % UCB) and to 36.8 mg/kg (9 % MCB), while Cu concentrations reduced from 35.3 mg/kg to 25.9 mg/kg (9 % UCB) and to 22.6 mg/kg (9 % MCB). MCB, characterized by high pH (9.7) and active nano-sized CaCO<sub>3</sub> particles, demonstrated superior HM immobilization compared to UCB. Statistical analysis supported the superior efficacy of MCB in reducing HM bioavailability and uptake. Understanding the specific responses of different plant species to biochar amendments is essential for recommending broader applications of MCB for soil remediation and sustainable agriculture.</p>}},
  author       = {{Shah, Syed Shabbar Hussain and Nakagawa, Kei and Yokoyama, Riei and Berndtsson, Ronny}},
  issn         = {{2213-3437}},
  keywords     = {{Biotranslocation factors; Ca(OH); CaCO; Carrot; Health risk index; XRF analyzer}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{6}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering}},
  title        = {{Efficacy of Ca-modified cypress biochar in immobilization of heavy metals in contaminated soils}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2024.114507}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.jece.2024.114507}},
  volume       = {{12}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}