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Leaky gut biomarkers in depression and suicidal behavior

Ohlsson, L. ; Gustafsson, A. ; Lavant, E. ; Suneson, K. LU ; Brundin, L. LU ; Westrin LU ; Ljunggren, L. and Lindqvist, D. LU (2019) In Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 139(2). p.185-193
Abstract

Objective: Inflammation is associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and suicidal behavior. According to the ‘leaky gut hypothesis’, increased intestinal permeability may contribute to this relationship via bacterial translocation across enterocytes. We measured plasma levels of gut permeability markers, in patients with a recent suicide attempt (rSA), MDD subjects with no history of a suicide attempt (nsMDD), and healthy controls (HC), and related these markers to symptom severity and inflammation. Method: We enrolled rSA (n = 54), nsMDD (n = 13), and HC (n = 17). Zonulin, intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP), soluble CD14, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were quantified in plasma. Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale... (More)

Objective: Inflammation is associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and suicidal behavior. According to the ‘leaky gut hypothesis’, increased intestinal permeability may contribute to this relationship via bacterial translocation across enterocytes. We measured plasma levels of gut permeability markers, in patients with a recent suicide attempt (rSA), MDD subjects with no history of a suicide attempt (nsMDD), and healthy controls (HC), and related these markers to symptom severity and inflammation. Method: We enrolled rSA (n = 54), nsMDD (n = 13), and HC (n = 17). Zonulin, intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP), soluble CD14, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were quantified in plasma. Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Suicide Assessment Scale (SUAS) were used for symptom assessments. Results: The rSA group displayed higher I-FABP and lower zonulin levels compared with both the nsMDD and the HC groups (all P < 0.001). IL-6 correlated positively with I-FABP (r = 0.24, P < 0.05) and negatively with zonulin (r = −0.25, P < 0.05). In all subjects, I-FABP levels correlated positively with MADRS (r = 0.25, P < 0.05) and SUAS scores (r = 0.38, P < 0.001), and the latter correlation was significant also in the nsMDD group (r = 0.60, P < 0.05). Conclusion: The ‘leaky gut hypothesis’ may improve our understanding of the link between inflammation and suicidal behavior. These findings should be considered preliminary until replicated in larger cohorts.

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author
; ; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
depressive disorder, major, intestinal fatty acid binding protein, intestinal permeability, suicide, attempted, zonulin
in
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica
volume
139
issue
2
pages
185 - 193
publisher
Wiley-Blackwell
external identifiers
  • scopus:85055937078
  • pmid:30347427
ISSN
0001-690X
DOI
10.1111/acps.12978
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
a4774811-f800-4208-b0a8-d736d40db6ad
date added to LUP
2018-11-19 14:35:26
date last changed
2024-04-15 16:54:07
@article{a4774811-f800-4208-b0a8-d736d40db6ad,
  abstract     = {{<p>Objective: Inflammation is associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and suicidal behavior. According to the ‘leaky gut hypothesis’, increased intestinal permeability may contribute to this relationship via bacterial translocation across enterocytes. We measured plasma levels of gut permeability markers, in patients with a recent suicide attempt (rSA), MDD subjects with no history of a suicide attempt (nsMDD), and healthy controls (HC), and related these markers to symptom severity and inflammation. Method: We enrolled rSA (n = 54), nsMDD (n = 13), and HC (n = 17). Zonulin, intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP), soluble CD14, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were quantified in plasma. Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Suicide Assessment Scale (SUAS) were used for symptom assessments. Results: The rSA group displayed higher I-FABP and lower zonulin levels compared with both the nsMDD and the HC groups (all P &lt; 0.001). IL-6 correlated positively with I-FABP (r = 0.24, P &lt; 0.05) and negatively with zonulin (r = −0.25, P &lt; 0.05). In all subjects, I-FABP levels correlated positively with MADRS (r = 0.25, P &lt; 0.05) and SUAS scores (r = 0.38, P &lt; 0.001), and the latter correlation was significant also in the nsMDD group (r = 0.60, P &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: The ‘leaky gut hypothesis’ may improve our understanding of the link between inflammation and suicidal behavior. These findings should be considered preliminary until replicated in larger cohorts.</p>}},
  author       = {{Ohlsson, L. and Gustafsson, A. and Lavant, E. and Suneson, K. and Brundin, L. and Westrin and Ljunggren, L. and Lindqvist, D.}},
  issn         = {{0001-690X}},
  keywords     = {{depressive disorder, major; intestinal fatty acid binding protein; intestinal permeability; suicide, attempted; zonulin}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{2}},
  pages        = {{185--193}},
  publisher    = {{Wiley-Blackwell}},
  series       = {{Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica}},
  title        = {{Leaky gut biomarkers in depression and suicidal behavior}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acps.12978}},
  doi          = {{10.1111/acps.12978}},
  volume       = {{139}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}