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Wave-packet manipulation of He Rydberg states by a seeded free-electron laser

Dumergue, Mathieu ; Carpeggiani, Paolo Antonio ; Csizmadia, Tamás ; Danailov, Miltcho ; Demidovich, Alexander ; De Ninno, Giovanni ; Di Fraia, Michele ; Eng-Johnsson, Per LU orcid ; Ertel, Dominik and Fujise, Hikaru , et al. (2024) In Physical Review Research 6(4).
Abstract

We report a two-dimensional pump-control-probe spectroscopic study of the dynamics of singly excited He Rydberg-state wave packets with a seeded extreme ultraviolet (XUV) free-electron laser (FEL) source. A pair of coherent XUV pulses, defined by their coarse time separation and relative phase, created and manipulated the wave packets. The He atoms were postionized by infrared (IR) pulses, and the ion yield was measured as a function of XUV phase and IR arrival time. We tagged and sorted the relative phase of the XUV pulse pair on a single-shot basis by fitting each FEL spectrum with a suitable function that accounts for nonidealities of the XUV pulse pairs, associated with the seeding process; more generally, the fit returns the... (More)

We report a two-dimensional pump-control-probe spectroscopic study of the dynamics of singly excited He Rydberg-state wave packets with a seeded extreme ultraviolet (XUV) free-electron laser (FEL) source. A pair of coherent XUV pulses, defined by their coarse time separation and relative phase, created and manipulated the wave packets. The He atoms were postionized by infrared (IR) pulses, and the ion yield was measured as a function of XUV phase and IR arrival time. We tagged and sorted the relative phase of the XUV pulse pair on a single-shot basis by fitting each FEL spectrum with a suitable function that accounts for nonidealities of the XUV pulse pairs, associated with the seeding process; more generally, the fit returns the time-dependent electric field of the FEL spectra. The experimental two-dimensional maps of ion yields, measured as a function of IR (probe) delay and of XUV (pump-control) phase, were compared with the solution of the first-order time-dependent Schrödinger equation for this field. Despite the fact that the experimental conditions imply strong excitation, beyond the approximations of first-order perturbation theory, the simulated map satisfactorily reproduces the experimental one for temporally well-separated pulses. We show that by selecting data at appropriate values of pump-control phase, we enhance or suppress the amplitude of chosen wave-packet components consisting of two or more Rydberg states. When the temporal overlap of the pulse pair cannot be neglected, the phase reconstruction is underdetermined, and we provide a simplified comparison between data and simulations.

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organization
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type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Physical Review Research
volume
6
issue
4
article number
043323
publisher
American Physical Society
external identifiers
  • scopus:85213699691
ISSN
2643-1564
DOI
10.1103/PhysRevResearch.6.043323
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
a63b10c9-eed7-46af-9386-36f1c1512a95
date added to LUP
2025-02-25 11:08:08
date last changed
2025-04-04 14:06:08
@article{a63b10c9-eed7-46af-9386-36f1c1512a95,
  abstract     = {{<p>We report a two-dimensional pump-control-probe spectroscopic study of the dynamics of singly excited He Rydberg-state wave packets with a seeded extreme ultraviolet (XUV) free-electron laser (FEL) source. A pair of coherent XUV pulses, defined by their coarse time separation and relative phase, created and manipulated the wave packets. The He atoms were postionized by infrared (IR) pulses, and the ion yield was measured as a function of XUV phase and IR arrival time. We tagged and sorted the relative phase of the XUV pulse pair on a single-shot basis by fitting each FEL spectrum with a suitable function that accounts for nonidealities of the XUV pulse pairs, associated with the seeding process; more generally, the fit returns the time-dependent electric field of the FEL spectra. The experimental two-dimensional maps of ion yields, measured as a function of IR (probe) delay and of XUV (pump-control) phase, were compared with the solution of the first-order time-dependent Schrödinger equation for this field. Despite the fact that the experimental conditions imply strong excitation, beyond the approximations of first-order perturbation theory, the simulated map satisfactorily reproduces the experimental one for temporally well-separated pulses. We show that by selecting data at appropriate values of pump-control phase, we enhance or suppress the amplitude of chosen wave-packet components consisting of two or more Rydberg states. When the temporal overlap of the pulse pair cannot be neglected, the phase reconstruction is underdetermined, and we provide a simplified comparison between data and simulations.</p>}},
  author       = {{Dumergue, Mathieu and Carpeggiani, Paolo Antonio and Csizmadia, Tamás and Danailov, Miltcho and Demidovich, Alexander and De Ninno, Giovanni and Di Fraia, Michele and Eng-Johnsson, Per and Ertel, Dominik and Fujise, Hikaru and Fushitani, Mizuho and Giannessi, Luca and Gopalakrishna, Harshitha Nandiga and Hishikawa, Akiyoshi and Ibrahim, Heide and Kühn, Sergei and Légaré, Francois and Luo, Yu and Maroju, Praveen Kumar and Mauritsson, Johan and Moioli, Matteo and Olofsson, Anna and Peschel, Jasper and Plekan, Oksana and Pratt, Stephen T. and Raimondi, Lorenzo and Ribič, Primož Rebernik and Saito, Shu and Sansone, Giuseppe and Shah, Ronak and Simpson, Emma R. and You, Daehyun and Zangrando, Marco and Callegari, Carlo and Ueda, Kiyoshi and Prince, Kevin C.}},
  issn         = {{2643-1564}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{4}},
  publisher    = {{American Physical Society}},
  series       = {{Physical Review Research}},
  title        = {{Wave-packet manipulation of He Rydberg states by a seeded free-electron laser}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.6.043323}},
  doi          = {{10.1103/PhysRevResearch.6.043323}},
  volume       = {{6}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}