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The Pathogenic Involvement of Neutrophils in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury

Rebetz, Johan LU orcid ; Semple, John W. LU and Kapur, Rick LU (2018) In Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy 45(5). p.290-298
Abstract

The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a serious and common complication of multiple medical and surgical interventions, with sepsis, pneumonia, and aspiration of gastric contents being common risk factors. ARDS develops within 1 week of a known clinical insult or presents with new/worsening respiratory symptoms if the clinical insult is unknown. Approximately 40% of the ARDS cases have a fatal outcome. Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI), on the other hand, is characterized by the occurrence of respiratory distress and acute lung injury, which presents within 6 h after administration of a blood transfusion. In contrast to ARDS, acute lung injury in TRALI is not attributable to another risk factor for acute lung... (More)

The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a serious and common complication of multiple medical and surgical interventions, with sepsis, pneumonia, and aspiration of gastric contents being common risk factors. ARDS develops within 1 week of a known clinical insult or presents with new/worsening respiratory symptoms if the clinical insult is unknown. Approximately 40% of the ARDS cases have a fatal outcome. Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI), on the other hand, is characterized by the occurrence of respiratory distress and acute lung injury, which presents within 6 h after administration of a blood transfusion. In contrast to ARDS, acute lung injury in TRALI is not attributable to another risk factor for acute lung injury. 'Possible TRALI', however, may have a clear temporal relationship to an alternative risk factor for acute lung injury. Risk factors for TRALI include chronic alcohol abuse and systemic inflammation. TRALI is the leading cause of transfusionrelated fatalities. There are no specific therapies available for ARDS or TRALI as both have a complex and incompletely understood pathogenesis. Neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes; PMNs) have been suggested to be key effector cells in the pathogenesis of both syndromes. In the present paper, we summarize the literature with regard to PMN involvement in the pathogenesis of both ARDS and TRALI based on both human data as well as on animal models. The evidence generally supports a strong role for PMNs in both ARDS and TRALI. More research is required to shed light on the pathogenesis of these respiratory syndromes and to more thoroughly establish the nature of the PMN involvement, especially considering the heterogeneous etiologies of ARDS.

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author
; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Acute respiratory distress syndrome, ARDS, Neutrophil, TRALI, Transfusion-related acute lung injury
in
Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy
volume
45
issue
5
pages
290 - 298
publisher
Karger
external identifiers
  • pmid:30498407
  • scopus:85053870137
ISSN
1660-3796
DOI
10.1159/000492950
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
c3bb9ca9-5813-41e9-9a44-c8440369dcf8
date added to LUP
2018-10-22 13:01:16
date last changed
2024-07-08 22:04:56
@article{c3bb9ca9-5813-41e9-9a44-c8440369dcf8,
  abstract     = {{<p>The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a serious and common complication of multiple medical and surgical interventions, with sepsis, pneumonia, and aspiration of gastric contents being common risk factors. ARDS develops within 1 week of a known clinical insult or presents with new/worsening respiratory symptoms if the clinical insult is unknown. Approximately 40% of the ARDS cases have a fatal outcome. Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI), on the other hand, is characterized by the occurrence of respiratory distress and acute lung injury, which presents within 6 h after administration of a blood transfusion. In contrast to ARDS, acute lung injury in TRALI is not attributable to another risk factor for acute lung injury. 'Possible TRALI', however, may have a clear temporal relationship to an alternative risk factor for acute lung injury. Risk factors for TRALI include chronic alcohol abuse and systemic inflammation. TRALI is the leading cause of transfusionrelated fatalities. There are no specific therapies available for ARDS or TRALI as both have a complex and incompletely understood pathogenesis. Neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes; PMNs) have been suggested to be key effector cells in the pathogenesis of both syndromes. In the present paper, we summarize the literature with regard to PMN involvement in the pathogenesis of both ARDS and TRALI based on both human data as well as on animal models. The evidence generally supports a strong role for PMNs in both ARDS and TRALI. More research is required to shed light on the pathogenesis of these respiratory syndromes and to more thoroughly establish the nature of the PMN involvement, especially considering the heterogeneous etiologies of ARDS.</p>}},
  author       = {{Rebetz, Johan and Semple, John W. and Kapur, Rick}},
  issn         = {{1660-3796}},
  keywords     = {{Acute respiratory distress syndrome; ARDS; Neutrophil; TRALI; Transfusion-related acute lung injury}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{5}},
  pages        = {{290--298}},
  publisher    = {{Karger}},
  series       = {{Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy}},
  title        = {{The Pathogenic Involvement of Neutrophils in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000492950}},
  doi          = {{10.1159/000492950}},
  volume       = {{45}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}