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Early snowmelt significantly enhances boreal springtime carbon uptake

Pulliainen, Jouni ; Aurela, Mika ; Laurila, Tuomas ; Aalto, Tuula ; Takala, Matias ; Salminen, Miia ; Kulmala, Markku ; Barr, Alan ; Heimann, Martin and Lindroth, Anders LU , et al. (2017) In Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 114(42). p.11081-11086
Abstract

We determine the annual timing of spring recovery from spaceborne microwave radiometer observations across northern hemisphere boreal evergreen forests for 1979–2014. We find a trend of advanced spring recovery of carbon uptake for this period, with a total average shift of 8.1 d (2.3 d/decade). We use this trend to estimate the corresponding changes in gross primary production (GPP) by applying in situ carbon flux observations. Micrometeoro-logical CO2 measurements at four sites in northern Europe and North America indicate that such an advance in spring recovery would have increased the January–June GPP sum by 29 g·C·m−2 [8.4 g·C·m−2 (3.7%)/decade]. We find this sensitivity of the measured springtime... (More)

We determine the annual timing of spring recovery from spaceborne microwave radiometer observations across northern hemisphere boreal evergreen forests for 1979–2014. We find a trend of advanced spring recovery of carbon uptake for this period, with a total average shift of 8.1 d (2.3 d/decade). We use this trend to estimate the corresponding changes in gross primary production (GPP) by applying in situ carbon flux observations. Micrometeoro-logical CO2 measurements at four sites in northern Europe and North America indicate that such an advance in spring recovery would have increased the January–June GPP sum by 29 g·C·m−2 [8.4 g·C·m−2 (3.7%)/decade]. We find this sensitivity of the measured springtime GPP to the spring recovery to be in accordance with the corresponding sensitivity derived from simulations with a land ecosystem model coupled to a global circulation model. The model-predicted increase in springtime cumulative GPP was 0.035 Pg/decade [15.5 g·C·m−2 (6.8%)/decade] for Eurasian forests and 0.017 Pg/decade for forests in North America [9.8 g·C·m−2 (4.4%)/decade]. This change in the springtime sum of GPP related to the timing of spring snowmelt is quantified here for boreal evergreen forests.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Carbon uptake, Earth observation, Snowmelt
in
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
volume
114
issue
42
pages
6 pages
publisher
National Academy of Sciences
external identifiers
  • pmid:28973918
  • wos:000413237900039
  • scopus:85031503478
ISSN
0027-8424
DOI
10.1073/pnas.1707889114
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
cc165655-53ee-47b6-a865-20fa31873053
date added to LUP
2017-10-26 08:44:22
date last changed
2024-04-14 20:25:20
@article{cc165655-53ee-47b6-a865-20fa31873053,
  abstract     = {{<p>We determine the annual timing of spring recovery from spaceborne microwave radiometer observations across northern hemisphere boreal evergreen forests for 1979–2014. We find a trend of advanced spring recovery of carbon uptake for this period, with a total average shift of 8.1 d (2.3 d/decade). We use this trend to estimate the corresponding changes in gross primary production (GPP) by applying in situ carbon flux observations. Micrometeoro-logical CO<sub>2</sub> measurements at four sites in northern Europe and North America indicate that such an advance in spring recovery would have increased the January–June GPP sum by 29 g·C·m<sup>−</sup>2 [8.4 g·C·m<sup>−2</sup> (3.7%)/decade]. We find this sensitivity of the measured springtime GPP to the spring recovery to be in accordance with the corresponding sensitivity derived from simulations with a land ecosystem model coupled to a global circulation model. The model-predicted increase in springtime cumulative GPP was 0.035 Pg/decade [15.5 g·C·m<sup>−2</sup> (6.8%)/decade] for Eurasian forests and 0.017 Pg/decade for forests in North America [9.8 g·C·m<sup>−</sup>2 (4.4%)/decade]. This change in the springtime sum of GPP related to the timing of spring snowmelt is quantified here for boreal evergreen forests.</p>}},
  author       = {{Pulliainen, Jouni and Aurela, Mika and Laurila, Tuomas and Aalto, Tuula and Takala, Matias and Salminen, Miia and Kulmala, Markku and Barr, Alan and Heimann, Martin and Lindroth, Anders and Laaksonen, Ari and Derksen, Chris and Mäkelä, Annikki and Markkanen, Tiina and Lemmetyinen, Juha and Susiluoto, Jouni and Dengel, Sigrid and Mammarella, Ivan and Tuovinen, Juha-Pekka and Vesala, Timo}},
  issn         = {{0027-8424}},
  keywords     = {{Carbon uptake; Earth observation; Snowmelt}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{10}},
  number       = {{42}},
  pages        = {{11081--11086}},
  publisher    = {{National Academy of Sciences}},
  series       = {{Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America}},
  title        = {{Early snowmelt significantly enhances boreal springtime carbon uptake}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1707889114}},
  doi          = {{10.1073/pnas.1707889114}},
  volume       = {{114}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}