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Haplotype Sharing Provides Insights into Fine-Scale Population History and Disease in Finland

Martin, Alicia R ; Karczewski, Konrad J ; Kerminen, Sini ; Kurki, Mitja I ; Sarin, Antti-Pekka ; Artomov, Mykyta ; Eriksson, Johan G ; Esko, Tõnu ; Genovese, Giulio and Havulinna, Aki S , et al. (2018) In American Journal of Human Genetics 102(5). p.760-775
Abstract

Finland provides unique opportunities to investigate population and medical genomics because of its adoption of unified national electronic health records, detailed historical and birth records, and serial population bottlenecks. We assembled a comprehensive view of recent population history (≤100 generations), the timespan during which most rare-disease-causing alleles arose, by comparing pairwise haplotype sharing from 43,254 Finns to that of 16,060 Swedes, Estonians, Russians, and Hungarians from geographically and linguistically adjacent countries with different population histories. We find much more extensive sharing in Finns, with at least one ≥ 5 cM tract on average between pairs of unrelated individuals. By coupling haplotype... (More)

Finland provides unique opportunities to investigate population and medical genomics because of its adoption of unified national electronic health records, detailed historical and birth records, and serial population bottlenecks. We assembled a comprehensive view of recent population history (≤100 generations), the timespan during which most rare-disease-causing alleles arose, by comparing pairwise haplotype sharing from 43,254 Finns to that of 16,060 Swedes, Estonians, Russians, and Hungarians from geographically and linguistically adjacent countries with different population histories. We find much more extensive sharing in Finns, with at least one ≥ 5 cM tract on average between pairs of unrelated individuals. By coupling haplotype sharing with fine-scale birth records from more than 25,000 individuals, we find that although haplotype sharing broadly decays with geographical distance, there are pockets of excess haplotype sharing; individuals from northeast Finland typically share several-fold more of their genome in identity-by-descent segments than individuals from southwest regions. We estimate recent effective population-size changes through time across regions of Finland, and we find that there was more continuous gene flow as Finns migrated from southwest to northeast between the early- and late-settlement regions than was dichotomously described previously. Lastly, we show that haplotype sharing is locally enriched by an order of magnitude among pairs of individuals sharing rare alleles and especially among pairs sharing rare disease-causing variants. Our work provides a general framework for using haplotype sharing to reconstruct an integrative view of recent population history and gain insight into the evolutionary origins of rare variants contributing to disease.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Journal Article
in
American Journal of Human Genetics
volume
102
issue
5
pages
16 pages
publisher
Cell Press
external identifiers
  • scopus:85046142168
  • pmid:29706349
ISSN
0002-9297
DOI
10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.03.003
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
d0d474ac-0092-46dd-8f2d-7cb0ded791d8
date added to LUP
2018-05-03 22:34:03
date last changed
2024-03-18 09:07:21
@article{d0d474ac-0092-46dd-8f2d-7cb0ded791d8,
  abstract     = {{<p>Finland provides unique opportunities to investigate population and medical genomics because of its adoption of unified national electronic health records, detailed historical and birth records, and serial population bottlenecks. We assembled a comprehensive view of recent population history (≤100 generations), the timespan during which most rare-disease-causing alleles arose, by comparing pairwise haplotype sharing from 43,254 Finns to that of 16,060 Swedes, Estonians, Russians, and Hungarians from geographically and linguistically adjacent countries with different population histories. We find much more extensive sharing in Finns, with at least one ≥ 5 cM tract on average between pairs of unrelated individuals. By coupling haplotype sharing with fine-scale birth records from more than 25,000 individuals, we find that although haplotype sharing broadly decays with geographical distance, there are pockets of excess haplotype sharing; individuals from northeast Finland typically share several-fold more of their genome in identity-by-descent segments than individuals from southwest regions. We estimate recent effective population-size changes through time across regions of Finland, and we find that there was more continuous gene flow as Finns migrated from southwest to northeast between the early- and late-settlement regions than was dichotomously described previously. Lastly, we show that haplotype sharing is locally enriched by an order of magnitude among pairs of individuals sharing rare alleles and especially among pairs sharing rare disease-causing variants. Our work provides a general framework for using haplotype sharing to reconstruct an integrative view of recent population history and gain insight into the evolutionary origins of rare variants contributing to disease.</p>}},
  author       = {{Martin, Alicia R and Karczewski, Konrad J and Kerminen, Sini and Kurki, Mitja I and Sarin, Antti-Pekka and Artomov, Mykyta and Eriksson, Johan G and Esko, Tõnu and Genovese, Giulio and Havulinna, Aki S and Kaprio, Jaakko and Konradi, Alexandra and Korányi, László and Kostareva, Anna and Männikkö, Minna and Metspalu, Andres and Perola, Markus and Prasad, Rashmi B and Raitakari, Olli and Rotar, Oxana and Salomaa, Veikko and Groop, Leif and Palotie, Aarno and Neale, Benjamin M and Ripatti, Samuli and Pirinen, Matti and Daly, Mark J}},
  issn         = {{0002-9297}},
  keywords     = {{Journal Article}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{5}},
  pages        = {{760--775}},
  publisher    = {{Cell Press}},
  series       = {{American Journal of Human Genetics}},
  title        = {{Haplotype Sharing Provides Insights into Fine-Scale Population History and Disease in Finland}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.03.003}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.03.003}},
  volume       = {{102}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}