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Air pollution and lung cancer incidence in 17 European cohorts : Prospective analyses from the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE)

Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole ; Andersen, Zorana J. ; Beelen, Rob ; Samoli, Evangelia ; Stafoggia, Massimo ; Weinmayr, Gudrun ; Hoffmann, Barbara ; Fischer, Paul ; Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J. and Brunekreef, Bert , et al. (2013) In The Lancet Oncology 14(9). p.813-822
Abstract

Background: Ambient air pollution is suspected to cause lung cancer. We aimed to assess the association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and lung cancer incidence in European populations. Methods: This prospective analysis of data obtained by the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects used data from 17 cohort studies based in nine European countries. Baseline addresses were geocoded and we assessed air pollution by land-use regression models for particulate matter (PM) with diameter of less than 10 μm (PM10), less than 2·5 μm (PM2·5), and between 2·5 and 10 μm (PMcoarse), soot (PM2·5absorbance), nitrogen oxides, and two traffic indicators. We used Cox regression... (More)

Background: Ambient air pollution is suspected to cause lung cancer. We aimed to assess the association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and lung cancer incidence in European populations. Methods: This prospective analysis of data obtained by the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects used data from 17 cohort studies based in nine European countries. Baseline addresses were geocoded and we assessed air pollution by land-use regression models for particulate matter (PM) with diameter of less than 10 μm (PM10), less than 2·5 μm (PM2·5), and between 2·5 and 10 μm (PMcoarse), soot (PM2·5absorbance), nitrogen oxides, and two traffic indicators. We used Cox regression models with adjustment for potential confounders for cohort-specific analyses and random effects models for meta-analyses. Findings: The 312-944 cohort members contributed 4-013-131 person-years at risk. During follow-up (mean 12·8 years), 2095 incident lung cancer cases were diagnosed. The meta-analyses showed a statistically significant association between risk for lung cancer and PM10 (hazard ratio [HR] 1·22 [95% CI 1·03-1·45] per 10 μg/m3). For PM2·5 the HR was 1·18 (0·96-1·46) per 5 μg/m3. The same increments of PM10 and PM2·5 were associated with HRs for adenocarcinomas of the lung of 1·51 (1·10-2·08) and 1·55 (1·05-2·29), respectively. An increase in road traffic of 4000 vehicle-km per day within 100 m of the residence was associated with an HR for lung cancer of 1·09 (0·99-1·21). The results showed no association between lung cancer and nitrogen oxides concentration (HR 1·01 [0·95-1·07] per 20 μg/m3) or traffic intensity on the nearest street (HR 1·00 [0·97-1·04] per 5000 vehicles per day). Interpretation: Particulate matter air pollution contributes to lung cancer incidence in Europe. Funding: European Community's Seventh Framework Programme.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
in
The Lancet Oncology
volume
14
issue
9
pages
10 pages
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • pmid:23849838
  • scopus:84880789775
ISSN
1470-2045
DOI
10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70279-1
language
English
LU publication?
no
id
074103ea-7359-4d15-9ecf-93ccb085a2e1
date added to LUP
2016-09-27 11:31:57
date last changed
2024-04-19 09:29:45
@article{074103ea-7359-4d15-9ecf-93ccb085a2e1,
  abstract     = {{<p>Background: Ambient air pollution is suspected to cause lung cancer. We aimed to assess the association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and lung cancer incidence in European populations. Methods: This prospective analysis of data obtained by the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects used data from 17 cohort studies based in nine European countries. Baseline addresses were geocoded and we assessed air pollution by land-use regression models for particulate matter (PM) with diameter of less than 10 μm (PM<sub>10</sub>), less than 2·5 μm (PM<sub>2·5</sub>), and between 2·5 and 10 μm (PM<sub>coarse</sub>), soot (PM<sub>2·5absorbance</sub>), nitrogen oxides, and two traffic indicators. We used Cox regression models with adjustment for potential confounders for cohort-specific analyses and random effects models for meta-analyses. Findings: The 312-944 cohort members contributed 4-013-131 person-years at risk. During follow-up (mean 12·8 years), 2095 incident lung cancer cases were diagnosed. The meta-analyses showed a statistically significant association between risk for lung cancer and PM<sub>10</sub> (hazard ratio [HR] 1·22 [95% CI 1·03-1·45] per 10 μg/m<sup>3</sup>). For PM<sub>2·5</sub> the HR was 1·18 (0·96-1·46) per 5 μg/m<sup>3</sup>. The same increments of PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2·5</sub> were associated with HRs for adenocarcinomas of the lung of 1·51 (1·10-2·08) and 1·55 (1·05-2·29), respectively. An increase in road traffic of 4000 vehicle-km per day within 100 m of the residence was associated with an HR for lung cancer of 1·09 (0·99-1·21). The results showed no association between lung cancer and nitrogen oxides concentration (HR 1·01 [0·95-1·07] per 20 μg/m<sup>3</sup>) or traffic intensity on the nearest street (HR 1·00 [0·97-1·04] per 5000 vehicles per day). Interpretation: Particulate matter air pollution contributes to lung cancer incidence in Europe. Funding: European Community's Seventh Framework Programme.</p>}},
  author       = {{Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole and Andersen, Zorana J. and Beelen, Rob and Samoli, Evangelia and Stafoggia, Massimo and Weinmayr, Gudrun and Hoffmann, Barbara and Fischer, Paul and Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J. and Brunekreef, Bert and Xun, Wei W. and Katsouyanni, Klea and Dimakopoulou, Konstantina and Sommar, Johan and Forsberg, Bertil and Modig, Lars and Oudin, Anna and Oftedal, Bente and Schwarze, Per E. and Nafstad, Per and De Faire, Ulf and Pedersen, Nancy L. and Östenson, Claes Göran and Fratiglioni, Laura and Penell, Johanna and Korek, Michal and Pershagen, Göran and Eriksen, Kirsten T. and Sørensen, Mette and Tjønneland, Anne and Ellermann, Thomas and Eeftens, Marloes and Peeters, Petra H. and Meliefste, Kees and Wang, Meng and Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas and Key, Timothy J. and de Hoogh, Kees and Concin, Hans and Nagel, Gabriele and Vilier, Alice and Grioni, Sara and Krogh, Vittorio and Tsai, Ming Yi and Ricceri, Fulvio and Sacerdote, Carlotta and Galassi, Claudia and Migliore, Enrica and Ranzi, Andrea and Cesaroni, Giulia and Badaloni, Chiara and Forastiere, Francesco and Tamayo, Ibon and Amiano, Pilar and Dorronsoro, Miren and Trichopoulou, Antonia and Bamia, Christina and Vineis, Paolo and Hoek, Gerard}},
  issn         = {{1470-2045}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{9}},
  pages        = {{813--822}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{The Lancet Oncology}},
  title        = {{Air pollution and lung cancer incidence in 17 European cohorts : Prospective analyses from the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE)}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70279-1}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70279-1}},
  volume       = {{14}},
  year         = {{2013}},
}