A global review of marine air pollution policies, their scope and effectiveness
(2021) In Ocean and Coastal Management 212.- Abstract
Shipping is associated with various environmental impacts, such as pollutants discharged to air and sea. Much of this pollution appears to be unregulated, and global emissions from shipping are expected to more than triple between 2020 and 2050. This paper reviews global, national, regional and port-level legislative approaches that have been implemented to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxides (NOx), sulphur oxides (SOx) and particulate matter (PM). Policies are identified on the basis of a systematic review of the literature in combination with a detailed analysis of the respective global, national and local policy initiatives. Findings suggest that many policies are voluntary or, in... (More)
Shipping is associated with various environmental impacts, such as pollutants discharged to air and sea. Much of this pollution appears to be unregulated, and global emissions from shipping are expected to more than triple between 2020 and 2050. This paper reviews global, national, regional and port-level legislative approaches that have been implemented to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxides (NOx), sulphur oxides (SOx) and particulate matter (PM). Policies are identified on the basis of a systematic review of the literature in combination with a detailed analysis of the respective global, national and local policy initiatives. Findings suggest that many policies are voluntary or, in ports, incentive-based; regulatory approaches are largely limited to Emission Control Areas. Policies also focus on efficiencies, they are not concerned with absolute pollutant and greenhouse gas levels. No policies incentivizing or forcing the transition to zero-carbon fuels were identified. As ports can define limits to pollution, for instance by demanding shore power use, they can significantly affect the clean development of the sector. Further legislation will be needed nationally to counterbalance the lack of supranational ambition on pollutants and climate change mitigation.
(Less)
- author
- Gössling, Stefan LU ; Meyer-Habighorst, Christiane and Humpe, Andreas
- organization
- publishing date
- 2021
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Climate change, Marine policy, Pollutants, Ports, Shipping
- in
- Ocean and Coastal Management
- volume
- 212
- article number
- 105824
- publisher
- Elsevier
- external identifiers
-
- scopus:85111310238
- ISSN
- 0964-5691
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2021.105824
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 0bbaba2e-1543-4fa4-be1e-9b7907e2486a
- date added to LUP
- 2021-08-24 14:31:50
- date last changed
- 2023-01-01 07:42:15
@article{0bbaba2e-1543-4fa4-be1e-9b7907e2486a,
abstract = {{<p>Shipping is associated with various environmental impacts, such as pollutants discharged to air and sea. Much of this pollution appears to be unregulated, and global emissions from shipping are expected to more than triple between 2020 and 2050. This paper reviews global, national, regional and port-level legislative approaches that have been implemented to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>), nitrous oxides (NO<sub>x</sub>), sulphur oxides (SO<sub>x</sub>) and particulate matter (PM). Policies are identified on the basis of a systematic review of the literature in combination with a detailed analysis of the respective global, national and local policy initiatives. Findings suggest that many policies are voluntary or, in ports, incentive-based; regulatory approaches are largely limited to Emission Control Areas. Policies also focus on efficiencies, they are not concerned with absolute pollutant and greenhouse gas levels. No policies incentivizing or forcing the transition to zero-carbon fuels were identified. As ports can define limits to pollution, for instance by demanding shore power use, they can significantly affect the clean development of the sector. Further legislation will be needed nationally to counterbalance the lack of supranational ambition on pollutants and climate change mitigation.</p>}},
author = {{Gössling, Stefan and Meyer-Habighorst, Christiane and Humpe, Andreas}},
issn = {{0964-5691}},
keywords = {{Climate change; Marine policy; Pollutants; Ports; Shipping}},
language = {{eng}},
publisher = {{Elsevier}},
series = {{Ocean and Coastal Management}},
title = {{A global review of marine air pollution policies, their scope and effectiveness}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2021.105824}},
doi = {{10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2021.105824}},
volume = {{212}},
year = {{2021}},
}