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Depth distribution of alkali metal ions on supported graphene in the presence of water

Scardamaglia, Mattia LU ; Bluhm, Hendrik ; Nemšák, Slavomir and Shavorskiy, Andrey LU (2023) In Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena 262.
Abstract

The interaction of alkali ions with multilayer graphene is critical in many applications, for example in energy storage devices. This requires a detailed understanding of ion interactions with carbonaceous layers. The mechanism of ion intercalation into graphene can be different from that observed for hard graphite. In this paper, we present an investigation of the vertical alkali ion (Na, K, Cs) distribution on multilayer graphene deposited onto SiO2 in vacuum and in the presence of water vapor using Standing Wave Ambient Pressure Photoemission Spectroscopy. It was found that Cs, K, and Na ions do not intercalate into multilayer graphene under vacuum conditions. The most likely reasons for this behavior are the reversibility... (More)

The interaction of alkali ions with multilayer graphene is critical in many applications, for example in energy storage devices. This requires a detailed understanding of ion interactions with carbonaceous layers. The mechanism of ion intercalation into graphene can be different from that observed for hard graphite. In this paper, we present an investigation of the vertical alkali ion (Na, K, Cs) distribution on multilayer graphene deposited onto SiO2 in vacuum and in the presence of water vapor using Standing Wave Ambient Pressure Photoemission Spectroscopy. It was found that Cs, K, and Na ions do not intercalate into multilayer graphene under vacuum conditions. The most likely reasons for this behavior are the reversibility of the process due to large inter-sheet spacing or lack of time for intercalation. When exposed to water vapor, Na ions intercalate soft carbon whereas Cs ions do not. This is a clear indication for the difference in the intercalation mechanisms on hard graphite and soft graphene.

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; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Alkali metal ions, Ambient pressure photoelectron spectroscopy, Graphene, Standing wave
in
Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena
volume
262
article number
147281
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • scopus:85145258324
ISSN
0368-2048
DOI
10.1016/j.elspec.2022.147281
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
0e7aa49f-ee39-4aa6-8670-282e426561eb
date added to LUP
2023-02-13 15:39:10
date last changed
2023-02-13 15:39:10
@article{0e7aa49f-ee39-4aa6-8670-282e426561eb,
  abstract     = {{<p>The interaction of alkali ions with multilayer graphene is critical in many applications, for example in energy storage devices. This requires a detailed understanding of ion interactions with carbonaceous layers. The mechanism of ion intercalation into graphene can be different from that observed for hard graphite. In this paper, we present an investigation of the vertical alkali ion (Na, K, Cs) distribution on multilayer graphene deposited onto SiO<sub>2</sub> in vacuum and in the presence of water vapor using Standing Wave Ambient Pressure Photoemission Spectroscopy. It was found that Cs, K, and Na ions do not intercalate into multilayer graphene under vacuum conditions. The most likely reasons for this behavior are the reversibility of the process due to large inter-sheet spacing or lack of time for intercalation. When exposed to water vapor, Na ions intercalate soft carbon whereas Cs ions do not. This is a clear indication for the difference in the intercalation mechanisms on hard graphite and soft graphene.</p>}},
  author       = {{Scardamaglia, Mattia and Bluhm, Hendrik and Nemšák, Slavomir and Shavorskiy, Andrey}},
  issn         = {{0368-2048}},
  keywords     = {{Alkali metal ions; Ambient pressure photoelectron spectroscopy; Graphene; Standing wave}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena}},
  title        = {{Depth distribution of alkali metal ions on supported graphene in the presence of water}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elspec.2022.147281}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.elspec.2022.147281}},
  volume       = {{262}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}