Skip to main content

Lund University Publications

LUND UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES

Mitigating Sea Surface Fading with D-MIMO : Experimental Validation

Sandra, Michiel LU ; Willhammar, Sara LU and Johansson, Anders J. LU orcid (2025) 19th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2025 In EuCAP 2025 - 19th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation
Abstract

The performance of wireless communications at sea are often limited by fading caused by reflections at the sea surface. The reliability could potentially be improved by employing multiple antennas. We have conducted massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) measurements at sea in order to evaluate the performance. The measurements were conducted at 5.6 GHz with 64 dual-polarized antennas, which were distributed vertically in groups of eight antennas. We evaluated the CDF of the maximum-ratio combined channel gain for different number of antennas, and compared distributed and co-located antenna configurations. We conclude that having distributed antennas is key to reduce the channel fading by a significant amount. Additionally,... (More)

The performance of wireless communications at sea are often limited by fading caused by reflections at the sea surface. The reliability could potentially be improved by employing multiple antennas. We have conducted massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) measurements at sea in order to evaluate the performance. The measurements were conducted at 5.6 GHz with 64 dual-polarized antennas, which were distributed vertically in groups of eight antennas. We evaluated the CDF of the maximum-ratio combined channel gain for different number of antennas, and compared distributed and co-located antenna configurations. We conclude that having distributed antennas is key to reduce the channel fading by a significant amount. Additionally, optimizing antenna spacing can significantly minimize fading without requiring a large number of antennas. In our scenario, the channel fading could be reduced by 15 dB by employing only three distributed antennas, showing the potential of distributed MIMO systems to improve reliability in maritime communications.

(Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
; and
organization
publishing date
type
Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Channel measurement, maritime communication, propagation
host publication
EuCAP 2025 - 19th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation
series title
EuCAP 2025 - 19th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation
publisher
IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
conference name
19th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2025
conference location
Stockholm, Sweden
conference dates
2025-03-30 - 2025-04-04
external identifiers
  • scopus:105007512851
ISBN
9788831299107
DOI
10.23919/EuCAP63536.2025.10999927
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
Publisher Copyright: © 2025 European Association on Antennas and Propagation.
id
10bf6ab5-7a17-4091-ab38-0a45c6b2a1c6
date added to LUP
2025-12-22 10:33:03
date last changed
2025-12-22 10:34:00
@inproceedings{10bf6ab5-7a17-4091-ab38-0a45c6b2a1c6,
  abstract     = {{<p>The performance of wireless communications at sea are often limited by fading caused by reflections at the sea surface. The reliability could potentially be improved by employing multiple antennas. We have conducted massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) measurements at sea in order to evaluate the performance. The measurements were conducted at 5.6 GHz with 64 dual-polarized antennas, which were distributed vertically in groups of eight antennas. We evaluated the CDF of the maximum-ratio combined channel gain for different number of antennas, and compared distributed and co-located antenna configurations. We conclude that having distributed antennas is key to reduce the channel fading by a significant amount. Additionally, optimizing antenna spacing can significantly minimize fading without requiring a large number of antennas. In our scenario, the channel fading could be reduced by 15 dB by employing only three distributed antennas, showing the potential of distributed MIMO systems to improve reliability in maritime communications.</p>}},
  author       = {{Sandra, Michiel and Willhammar, Sara and Johansson, Anders J.}},
  booktitle    = {{EuCAP 2025 - 19th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation}},
  isbn         = {{9788831299107}},
  keywords     = {{Channel measurement; maritime communication; propagation}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}},
  series       = {{EuCAP 2025 - 19th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation}},
  title        = {{Mitigating Sea Surface Fading with D-MIMO : Experimental Validation}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/EuCAP63536.2025.10999927}},
  doi          = {{10.23919/EuCAP63536.2025.10999927}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}