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Low-Complexity Optimization of Antenna Switching Schemes for Dynamic Channel Sounding

Sanchez, Juan LU ; Cai, Xuesong LU ; Al-Ameri, Ali LU and Tufvesson, Fredrik LU orcid (2026) In IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 25. p.7729-7743
Abstract

Understanding wireless channels is crucial for the design of wireless systems. For mobile communication, sounders and antenna arrays with short measurement times are required to simultaneously capture the dynamic and spatial channel characteristics. Switched antenna arrays are an attractive option that can overcome the high cost of real arrays and the long measurement times of virtual arrays. Optimization of the switching sequences is then essential to avoid aliasing and increase the accuracy of channel parameter estimates. This paper provides a novel and comprehensive analysis of the design of switching sequences. We first review the conventional spatio-temporal ambiguity function, extend it to dual-polarized antenna arrays, and... (More)

Understanding wireless channels is crucial for the design of wireless systems. For mobile communication, sounders and antenna arrays with short measurement times are required to simultaneously capture the dynamic and spatial channel characteristics. Switched antenna arrays are an attractive option that can overcome the high cost of real arrays and the long measurement times of virtual arrays. Optimization of the switching sequences is then essential to avoid aliasing and increase the accuracy of channel parameter estimates. This paper provides a novel and comprehensive analysis of the design of switching sequences. We first review the conventional spatio-temporal ambiguity function, extend it to dual-polarized antenna arrays, and analyze its prohibitive complexity when applied to ultra-massive antenna arrays. We thus propose a new method that uses the Fisher information matrix to tackle the estimation accuracy. We also propose to minimize the ambiguity by choosing a switching sequence that minimizes side lobes in its Fourier spectrum. In this sense, we divide the sequence design problem into Fourier-based ambiguity reduction and Fisher-based accuracy improvement, and coin the resulting design approach as Fourier-Fisher. Simulations and measurements show that the Fourier-Fisher approach achieves identical performance and significantly lower computational complexity than that of the conventional ambiguity-based approach.

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author
; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Channel sounding, Fisher information, Fourier transform, parameter estimation, switched antenna array, ultra-massive MIMO
in
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
volume
25
pages
15 pages
publisher
IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
external identifiers
  • scopus:105023063960
ISSN
1536-1276
DOI
10.1109/TWC.2025.3633242
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
113536a1-236f-4b4f-a7a8-d95589268cdb
date added to LUP
2026-02-04 12:23:17
date last changed
2026-02-04 12:24:34
@article{113536a1-236f-4b4f-a7a8-d95589268cdb,
  abstract     = {{<p>Understanding wireless channels is crucial for the design of wireless systems. For mobile communication, sounders and antenna arrays with short measurement times are required to simultaneously capture the dynamic and spatial channel characteristics. Switched antenna arrays are an attractive option that can overcome the high cost of real arrays and the long measurement times of virtual arrays. Optimization of the switching sequences is then essential to avoid aliasing and increase the accuracy of channel parameter estimates. This paper provides a novel and comprehensive analysis of the design of switching sequences. We first review the conventional spatio-temporal ambiguity function, extend it to dual-polarized antenna arrays, and analyze its prohibitive complexity when applied to ultra-massive antenna arrays. We thus propose a new method that uses the Fisher information matrix to tackle the estimation accuracy. We also propose to minimize the ambiguity by choosing a switching sequence that minimizes side lobes in its Fourier spectrum. In this sense, we divide the sequence design problem into Fourier-based ambiguity reduction and Fisher-based accuracy improvement, and coin the resulting design approach as Fourier-Fisher. Simulations and measurements show that the Fourier-Fisher approach achieves identical performance and significantly lower computational complexity than that of the conventional ambiguity-based approach.</p>}},
  author       = {{Sanchez, Juan and Cai, Xuesong and Al-Ameri, Ali and Tufvesson, Fredrik}},
  issn         = {{1536-1276}},
  keywords     = {{Channel sounding; Fisher information; Fourier transform; parameter estimation; switched antenna array; ultra-massive MIMO}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{7729--7743}},
  publisher    = {{IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}},
  series       = {{IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications}},
  title        = {{Low-Complexity Optimization of Antenna Switching Schemes for Dynamic Channel Sounding}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TWC.2025.3633242}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/TWC.2025.3633242}},
  volume       = {{25}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}