In situ self-driven crystallization for 25 °C-air-processed perovskite enabling efficient inverted perovskite solar cells
(2026) In Journal of Energy Chemistry 115. p.476-487- Abstract
Inverted perovskite solar cells (IPSCs) have emerged as promising photovoltaic technologies due to excellent photoelectric properties and solution processing advantages. However, the traditional preparation process based on inert atmosphere annealing of perovskite films faces key challenges, including high energy consumption, strict crystallization control, and the presence of stresses. The study introduces the in situ self-driven crystallization (ISDC) strategy, which is an innovative method to realize the spontaneous crystallization of perovskite in the original environment and substrate under ambient air at 25 °C without annealing. This approach successfully achieved high-quality perovskite films with preferential (001) and (002)... (More)
Inverted perovskite solar cells (IPSCs) have emerged as promising photovoltaic technologies due to excellent photoelectric properties and solution processing advantages. However, the traditional preparation process based on inert atmosphere annealing of perovskite films faces key challenges, including high energy consumption, strict crystallization control, and the presence of stresses. The study introduces the in situ self-driven crystallization (ISDC) strategy, which is an innovative method to realize the spontaneous crystallization of perovskite in the original environment and substrate under ambient air at 25 °C without annealing. This approach successfully achieved high-quality perovskite films with preferential (001) and (002) orientations without annealing treatment. Choline chloride (a kind of vitamin B4, VB4) can simultaneously realize iodine deficiency passivation and hydrogen bond association of formamidine/methylamine (FA/MA) in the ISDC process, thus preventing the reaction of water molecules with the formed perovskite. Isopropyl alcohol (IPA) will take away part of the water molecules in the process of volatilization due to the hydrogen bond with water, so as to ensure the priority of the perovskite reaction. Finally, ISDC-IPSCs achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.86%, which exceeded the PCE of 21.19% of IPSCs prepared by the annealing scheme, and maintained 94.7% of the initial PCE after 2250 h of storage in a N2 environment. The ambient-air ISDC strategy sets a precedent for the annealing-free crystallization of perovskite.
(Less)
- author
- organization
-
- LU Profile Area: Light and Materials
- Chemical Physics
- Infrastructure services
- Glia-Immune Interactions (research group)
- Lund Laser Centre, LLC
- LTH Profile Area: Photon Science and Technology
- LTH Profile Area: Nanoscience and Semiconductor Technology
- NanoLund: Centre for Nanoscience
- Department of Chemistry
- publishing date
- 2026-04
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Air-exposed non-annealing crystallization, In situ self-driven crystallization, Inverted sequential deposition method, Residual stress relaxation
- in
- Journal of Energy Chemistry
- volume
- 115
- pages
- 12 pages
- publisher
- Elsevier
- external identifiers
-
- scopus:105025121923
- ISSN
- 2095-4956
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.jechem.2025.11.053
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- additional info
- Publisher Copyright: © 2025 Science Press
- id
- 17f61dcd-a32b-46e7-b006-b50fdd361191
- date added to LUP
- 2026-03-23 13:25:39
- date last changed
- 2026-03-23 13:37:09
@article{17f61dcd-a32b-46e7-b006-b50fdd361191,
abstract = {{<p>Inverted perovskite solar cells (IPSCs) have emerged as promising photovoltaic technologies due to excellent photoelectric properties and solution processing advantages. However, the traditional preparation process based on inert atmosphere annealing of perovskite films faces key challenges, including high energy consumption, strict crystallization control, and the presence of stresses. The study introduces the in situ self-driven crystallization (ISDC) strategy, which is an innovative method to realize the spontaneous crystallization of perovskite in the original environment and substrate under ambient air at 25 °C without annealing. This approach successfully achieved high-quality perovskite films with preferential (001) and (002) orientations without annealing treatment. Choline chloride (a kind of vitamin B4, VB4) can simultaneously realize iodine deficiency passivation and hydrogen bond association of formamidine/methylamine (FA/MA) in the ISDC process, thus preventing the reaction of water molecules with the formed perovskite. Isopropyl alcohol (IPA) will take away part of the water molecules in the process of volatilization due to the hydrogen bond with water, so as to ensure the priority of the perovskite reaction. Finally, ISDC-IPSCs achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.86%, which exceeded the PCE of 21.19% of IPSCs prepared by the annealing scheme, and maintained 94.7% of the initial PCE after 2250 h of storage in a N<sub>2</sub> environment. The ambient-air ISDC strategy sets a precedent for the annealing-free crystallization of perovskite.</p>}},
author = {{Du, Zhuowei and Ma, Zhu and Zhang, Qian and Du, Hao and Li, Yixian and Gou, Fuchun and Liu, Xinyue and Li, Yi and Lv, Zhuo and Xiang, Dengqian and Chen, Bo and Chen, Yi and Yang, Qiang and You, Wei and Yang, Junbo and Zhang, Andi and Huang, Cheng and Yu, Jian and Xiang, Yan and Chen, Jiangzhao and Zhang, Fengying and Zheng, Kaibo and Sun, Kuan}},
issn = {{2095-4956}},
keywords = {{Air-exposed non-annealing crystallization; In situ self-driven crystallization; Inverted sequential deposition method; Residual stress relaxation}},
language = {{eng}},
pages = {{476--487}},
publisher = {{Elsevier}},
series = {{Journal of Energy Chemistry}},
title = {{In situ self-driven crystallization for 25 °C-air-processed perovskite enabling efficient inverted perovskite solar cells}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jechem.2025.11.053}},
doi = {{10.1016/j.jechem.2025.11.053}},
volume = {{115}},
year = {{2026}},
}