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A phantom for determination of calibration coefficients and minimum detectable activities using a dual-head gammacamera for internal contamination monitoring following radiation emergency situations

Ören, Ünal LU ; Andersson, Martin LU ; Rääf, Christopher LU and Mattsson, Sören LU (2016) In Radiation Protection Dosimetry 169(1). p.297-302
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to derive calibration coefficients (in terms of cps kBq-1) and minimum detectable activities, MDA, (in terms of kBq and corresponding dose rate) for the dual head gamma camera part of an SPECT/CT-instrument when used for in vivo internal contamination measurements in radiation emergency situations. A cylindrical-conical PMMA phantom with diameters in the range of 7-30 cm was developed in order to simulate different body parts and individuals of different sizes. A series of planar gamma camera investigations were conducted using an SPECT/CT modality with the collimators removed for 131I and 137Cs, radionuclides potentially associated with radiation emergencies. Energy windows... (More)

The purpose of this study was to derive calibration coefficients (in terms of cps kBq-1) and minimum detectable activities, MDA, (in terms of kBq and corresponding dose rate) for the dual head gamma camera part of an SPECT/CT-instrument when used for in vivo internal contamination measurements in radiation emergency situations. A cylindrical-conical PMMA phantom with diameters in the range of 7-30 cm was developed in order to simulate different body parts and individuals of different sizes. A series of planar gamma camera investigations were conducted using an SPECT/CT modality with the collimators removed for 131I and 137Cs, radionuclides potentially associated with radiation emergencies. Energy windows of 337-391 and 490-690 keV were selected for 131I and 137Cs, respectively. The measurements show that the calibration coefficients for 137Cs range from 10 to 19 cps kBq-1 with MDAvalues in the range of 0.29-0.55 kBq for phantom diameters of 10-30 cm. The corresponding values for 131I are 12-37 cps kBq-1 with MDAvalues of 0.08-0.26 kBq. An internal dosimetry computer program was used for the estimation of minimum detectable dose rates. A thyroid uptake of 0.1 kBq 131I (representing MDA) corresponds to an effective dose rate of 0.6 μSv d-1. A 137Cs source position representing the colon with an MDA of 0.55 kBq corresponds to an effective dose rate was 1 μSv y-1. This method using a simple phantom for the determination of calibration coefficients, and MDA levels can be implemented within the emergency preparedness plans in hospitals with nuclear medicine departments. The derived data will help to quickly estimate the internal contamination of humans following radiation emergencies.

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Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Radiation Protection Dosimetry
volume
169
issue
1
pages
6 pages
publisher
Oxford University Press
external identifiers
  • pmid:26769903
  • pmid:26769903
  • scopus:84979086280
  • wos:000383492100046
ISSN
1742-3406
DOI
10.1093/rpd/ncv541
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
18743030-6168-4472-9e5a-06476ff8e017 (old id 8589061)
alternative location
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26769903?dopt=Abstract
date added to LUP
2016-04-04 09:30:06
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2022-02-21 01:04:06
@article{18743030-6168-4472-9e5a-06476ff8e017,
  abstract     = {{<p>The purpose of this study was to derive calibration coefficients (in terms of cps kBq<sup>-1</sup>) and minimum detectable activities, MDA, (in terms of kBq and corresponding dose rate) for the dual head gamma camera part of an SPECT/CT-instrument when used for in vivo internal contamination measurements in radiation emergency situations. A cylindrical-conical PMMA phantom with diameters in the range of 7-30 cm was developed in order to simulate different body parts and individuals of different sizes. A series of planar gamma camera investigations were conducted using an SPECT/CT modality with the collimators removed for <sup>131</sup>I and <sup>137</sup>Cs, radionuclides potentially associated with radiation emergencies. Energy windows of 337-391 and 490-690 keV were selected for <sup>131</sup>I and <sup>137</sup>Cs, respectively. The measurements show that the calibration coefficients for <sup>137</sup>Cs range from 10 to 19 cps kBq<sup>-1</sup> with MDAvalues in the range of 0.29-0.55 kBq for phantom diameters of 10-30 cm. The corresponding values for <sup>131</sup>I are 12-37 cps kBq<sup>-1</sup> with MDAvalues of 0.08-0.26 kBq. An internal dosimetry computer program was used for the estimation of minimum detectable dose rates. A thyroid uptake of 0.1 kBq <sup>131</sup>I (representing MDA) corresponds to an effective dose rate of 0.6 μSv d<sup>-1</sup>. A <sup>137</sup>Cs source position representing the colon with an MDA of 0.55 kBq corresponds to an effective dose rate was 1 μSv y<sup>-1</sup>. This method using a simple phantom for the determination of calibration coefficients, and MDA levels can be implemented within the emergency preparedness plans in hospitals with nuclear medicine departments. The derived data will help to quickly estimate the internal contamination of humans following radiation emergencies.</p>}},
  author       = {{Ören, Ünal and Andersson, Martin and Rääf, Christopher and Mattsson, Sören}},
  issn         = {{1742-3406}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{01}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{297--302}},
  publisher    = {{Oxford University Press}},
  series       = {{Radiation Protection Dosimetry}},
  title        = {{A phantom for determination of calibration coefficients and minimum detectable activities using a dual-head gammacamera for internal contamination monitoring following radiation emergency situations}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncv541}},
  doi          = {{10.1093/rpd/ncv541}},
  volume       = {{169}},
  year         = {{2016}},
}