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An Integrated Optimal Design Procedure for Pulse Transformer-Based Klystron Modulators for Long-Pulse High-Power Applications

Collins, Max LU and Martins, Carlos A. LU (2023) In IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 51(11). p.3358-3367
Abstract

Solid-state klystron modulators are typically based on oil-immersed high-voltage (HV) pulse transformers due to their high performance, robustness, and topological simplicity. However, in considering high-power multi-millisecond pulsed applications based on this topology, modulator power components and their design become increasingly complicated and, correspondingly, modulator size becomes problematic. In this article, practical models for the characterization and design of each main power component forming the pulse transformer-based modulator topology are developed. These models are then integrated in forming a complete optimization procedure suitable for long-pulse high-power applications. The developed design procedure is used in... (More)

Solid-state klystron modulators are typically based on oil-immersed high-voltage (HV) pulse transformers due to their high performance, robustness, and topological simplicity. However, in considering high-power multi-millisecond pulsed applications based on this topology, modulator power components and their design become increasingly complicated and, correspondingly, modulator size becomes problematic. In this article, practical models for the characterization and design of each main power component forming the pulse transformer-based modulator topology are developed. These models are then integrated in forming a complete optimization procedure suitable for long-pulse high-power applications. The developed design procedure is used in considering a complete pulse transformer-based modulator design for the case of the European Spallation Source klystron modulator requirements (a pulse amplitude of 115 kV/100 A, a pulselength of 3.5 ms, and a pulse repetition rate 14 Hz). The performance of the individual components as well as the complete modulator is studied and validated through the circuit simulation. Finally, fixing the pulse power parameters to that of typical high-power klystron load requirements, the optimization procedure is used in a parametric study sweeping the application pulselength and pulse repetition rate to explore the possibilities and limitations of the pulse transformer-based modulator topology.

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author
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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Accelerator power supplies, high-voltage (HV) techniques, pulse generation, pulse power systems
in
IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
volume
51
issue
11
pages
10 pages
publisher
IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
external identifiers
  • scopus:85177079413
ISSN
0093-3813
DOI
10.1109/TPS.2023.3329381
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
1bcd07dc-f50b-4433-9e42-bc4116d1e326
date added to LUP
2024-01-09 16:07:30
date last changed
2024-01-09 16:08:11
@article{1bcd07dc-f50b-4433-9e42-bc4116d1e326,
  abstract     = {{<p>Solid-state klystron modulators are typically based on oil-immersed high-voltage (HV) pulse transformers due to their high performance, robustness, and topological simplicity. However, in considering high-power multi-millisecond pulsed applications based on this topology, modulator power components and their design become increasingly complicated and, correspondingly, modulator size becomes problematic. In this article, practical models for the characterization and design of each main power component forming the pulse transformer-based modulator topology are developed. These models are then integrated in forming a complete optimization procedure suitable for long-pulse high-power applications. The developed design procedure is used in considering a complete pulse transformer-based modulator design for the case of the European Spallation Source klystron modulator requirements (a pulse amplitude of 115 kV/100 A, a pulselength of 3.5 ms, and a pulse repetition rate 14 Hz). The performance of the individual components as well as the complete modulator is studied and validated through the circuit simulation. Finally, fixing the pulse power parameters to that of typical high-power klystron load requirements, the optimization procedure is used in a parametric study sweeping the application pulselength and pulse repetition rate to explore the possibilities and limitations of the pulse transformer-based modulator topology.</p>}},
  author       = {{Collins, Max and Martins, Carlos A.}},
  issn         = {{0093-3813}},
  keywords     = {{Accelerator power supplies; high-voltage (HV) techniques; pulse generation; pulse power systems}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{11}},
  number       = {{11}},
  pages        = {{3358--3367}},
  publisher    = {{IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}},
  series       = {{IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science}},
  title        = {{An Integrated Optimal Design Procedure for Pulse Transformer-Based Klystron Modulators for Long-Pulse High-Power Applications}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2023.3329381}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/TPS.2023.3329381}},
  volume       = {{51}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}