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Novel synthesis of the TiO2(B) multilayer templated films

Procházka, Jan ; Kavan, Ladislav ; Zukalova, Markéta ; Frank, Otakar ; Kalbác, Martin ; Zukal, Arnošt ; Klementova, Mariana ; Carbone, Dina LU and Graetzel, Michael (2009) In Chemistry of Materials 21(8). p.1457-1464
Abstract

TiO2(B) mesoporous thin films were grown in two steps on the F-doped SnO2 conductive glass substrates. In the first step, a small amount of H3PO4, corresponding to 0.15-0.375 wt % P on TiO2 basis, was introduced into concentrated HCl which was subsequently used for hydrolysis of titanium ethoxide. The hydrolyzed colloidal TiO2 suspension was further mixed with a 1-butanol solution of the amphiphilic triblock copolymer Pluronic P123. The obtained precursor mixture was used for dip coating of FTO substrates. To achieve over 1 μm thick films, dip coating (followed by a thermal treatment at 350 °C/2 h) was repeated several times to produce multilayer films. The films... (More)

TiO2(B) mesoporous thin films were grown in two steps on the F-doped SnO2 conductive glass substrates. In the first step, a small amount of H3PO4, corresponding to 0.15-0.375 wt % P on TiO2 basis, was introduced into concentrated HCl which was subsequently used for hydrolysis of titanium ethoxide. The hydrolyzed colloidal TiO2 suspension was further mixed with a 1-butanol solution of the amphiphilic triblock copolymer Pluronic P123. The obtained precursor mixture was used for dip coating of FTO substrates. To achieve over 1 μm thick films, dip coating (followed by a thermal treatment at 350 °C/2 h) was repeated several times to produce multilayer films. The films consisted of amorphous TiO2 with small amounts of anatase and TiO2(B). The amorphous part was converted into the TiO2(B) in a simple firing step at 500-550 °C. The formation of TiO2(B) phase was accompanied by a significant increase of the film thickness. The films demonstrated unique behavior during the electrochemical lithium insertion that would qualify them for fast battery or electrochromic smart window applications. The efficiency of multiphase TiO2 films in dye sensitized solar cells depends on the composition of individual films: it increases in the series: anatase/amorphous TiO2 < anatase/TiO2(B) < anatase.

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publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
in
Chemistry of Materials
volume
21
issue
8
pages
8 pages
publisher
The American Chemical Society (ACS)
external identifiers
  • scopus:66149103286
ISSN
0897-4756
DOI
10.1021/cm801819q
language
English
LU publication?
no
id
1c722c49-0226-4144-905e-80f2180c23ae
date added to LUP
2021-12-15 11:57:02
date last changed
2022-02-02 02:08:43
@article{1c722c49-0226-4144-905e-80f2180c23ae,
  abstract     = {{<p>TiO<sub>2</sub>(B) mesoporous thin films were grown in two steps on the F-doped SnO<sub>2</sub> conductive glass substrates. In the first step, a small amount of H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>, corresponding to 0.15-0.375 wt % P on TiO<sub>2</sub> basis, was introduced into concentrated HCl which was subsequently used for hydrolysis of titanium ethoxide. The hydrolyzed colloidal TiO<sub>2</sub> suspension was further mixed with a 1-butanol solution of the amphiphilic triblock copolymer Pluronic P123. The obtained precursor mixture was used for dip coating of FTO substrates. To achieve over 1 μm thick films, dip coating (followed by a thermal treatment at 350 °C/2 h) was repeated several times to produce multilayer films. The films consisted of amorphous TiO<sub>2</sub> with small amounts of anatase and TiO<sub>2</sub>(B). The amorphous part was converted into the TiO<sub>2</sub>(B) in a simple firing step at 500-550 °C. The formation of TiO<sub>2</sub>(B) phase was accompanied by a significant increase of the film thickness. The films demonstrated unique behavior during the electrochemical lithium insertion that would qualify them for fast battery or electrochromic smart window applications. The efficiency of multiphase TiO<sub>2</sub> films in dye sensitized solar cells depends on the composition of individual films: it increases in the series: anatase/amorphous TiO<sub>2</sub> &lt; anatase/TiO<sub>2</sub>(B) &lt; anatase.</p>}},
  author       = {{Procházka, Jan and Kavan, Ladislav and Zukalova, Markéta and Frank, Otakar and Kalbác, Martin and Zukal, Arnošt and Klementova, Mariana and Carbone, Dina and Graetzel, Michael}},
  issn         = {{0897-4756}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{04}},
  number       = {{8}},
  pages        = {{1457--1464}},
  publisher    = {{The American Chemical Society (ACS)}},
  series       = {{Chemistry of Materials}},
  title        = {{Novel synthesis of the TiO<sub>2</sub>(B) multilayer templated films}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm801819q}},
  doi          = {{10.1021/cm801819q}},
  volume       = {{21}},
  year         = {{2009}},
}