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Assessment of exposure determinants and exposure levels by using stationary concentration measurements and a probabilistic near-field/far-field exposure model

Koivisto, Antti Joonas ; Spinazzè, Andrea ; Verdonck, Frederik ; Borghi, Francesca ; Löndahl, Jakob LU orcid ; Koponen, Ismo Kalevi ; Verpaele, Steven ; Jayjock, Michael ; Hussein, Tareq and Lopez de Ipiña, Jesus , et al. (2021) In Open Research Europe 1.
Abstract

Background: The Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) regulation requires the establishment of Conditions of Use (CoU) for all exposure scenarios to ensure good communication of safe working practices. Setting CoU requires the risk assessment of all relevant Contributing Scenarios (CSs) in the exposure scenario. A new CS has to be created whenever an Operational Condition (OC) is changed, resulting in an excessive number of exposure assessments. An efficient solution is to quantify OC concentrations and to identify reasonable worst-case scenarios with probabilistic exposure modeling. Methods: Here, we appoint CoU for powder pouring during the industrial manufacturing of a paint batch by quantifying... (More)

Background: The Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) regulation requires the establishment of Conditions of Use (CoU) for all exposure scenarios to ensure good communication of safe working practices. Setting CoU requires the risk assessment of all relevant Contributing Scenarios (CSs) in the exposure scenario. A new CS has to be created whenever an Operational Condition (OC) is changed, resulting in an excessive number of exposure assessments. An efficient solution is to quantify OC concentrations and to identify reasonable worst-case scenarios with probabilistic exposure modeling. Methods: Here, we appoint CoU for powder pouring during the industrial manufacturing of a paint batch by quantifying OC exposure levels and exposure determinants. The quantification was performed by using stationary measurements and a probabilistic Near-Field/Far-Field (NF/FF) exposure model. Work shift and OC concentration levels were quantified for pouring TiO 2 from big bags and small bags, pouring Micro Mica from small bags, and cleaning. The impact of exposure determinants on NF concentration level was quantified by (1) assessing exposure determinants correlation with the NF exposure level and (2) by performing simulations with different OCs. Results: Emission rate, air mixing between NF and FF and local ventilation were the most relevant exposure determinants affecting NF concentrations. Potentially risky OCs were identified by performing Reasonable Worst Case (RWC) simulations and by comparing the exposure 95 th percentile distribution with 10% of the occupational exposure limit value (OELV). The CS was shown safe except in RWC scenario (ventilation rate from 0.4 to 1.6 1/h, 100 m 3 room, no local ventilation, and NF ventilation of 1.6 m 3/min). Conclusions: The CoU assessment was considered to comply with European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) legislation and EN 689 exposure assessment strategy for testing compliance with OEL values. One RWC scenario would require measurements since the exposure level was 12.5% of the OELV.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Conditions of use, ECHA, EN 689, Inhalation exposure, Probabilistic model, REACH, Stationary measurements
in
Open Research Europe
volume
1
article number
72
pages
20 pages
publisher
F1000 Research Ltd.
external identifiers
  • scopus:85114348589
ISSN
2732-5121
DOI
10.12688/openreseurope.13752.1
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
1cac78e0-d92b-46a5-958c-fffa0fe97e01
date added to LUP
2023-04-17 10:28:51
date last changed
2023-11-08 04:52:45
@article{1cac78e0-d92b-46a5-958c-fffa0fe97e01,
  abstract     = {{<p>Background: The Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) regulation requires the establishment of Conditions of Use (CoU) for all exposure scenarios to ensure good communication of safe working practices. Setting CoU requires the risk assessment of all relevant Contributing Scenarios (CSs) in the exposure scenario. A new CS has to be created whenever an Operational Condition (OC) is changed, resulting in an excessive number of exposure assessments. An efficient solution is to quantify OC concentrations and to identify reasonable worst-case scenarios with probabilistic exposure modeling. Methods: Here, we appoint CoU for powder pouring during the industrial manufacturing of a paint batch by quantifying OC exposure levels and exposure determinants. The quantification was performed by using stationary measurements and a probabilistic Near-Field/Far-Field (NF/FF) exposure model. Work shift and OC concentration levels were quantified for pouring TiO 2 from big bags and small bags, pouring Micro Mica from small bags, and cleaning. The impact of exposure determinants on NF concentration level was quantified by (1) assessing exposure determinants correlation with the NF exposure level and (2) by performing simulations with different OCs. Results: Emission rate, air mixing between NF and FF and local ventilation were the most relevant exposure determinants affecting NF concentrations. Potentially risky OCs were identified by performing Reasonable Worst Case (RWC) simulations and by comparing the exposure 95 th percentile distribution with 10% of the occupational exposure limit value (OELV). The CS was shown safe except in RWC scenario (ventilation rate from 0.4 to 1.6 1/h, 100 m 3 room, no local ventilation, and NF ventilation of 1.6 m 3/min). Conclusions: The CoU assessment was considered to comply with European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) legislation and EN 689 exposure assessment strategy for testing compliance with OEL values. One RWC scenario would require measurements since the exposure level was 12.5% of the OELV.</p>}},
  author       = {{Koivisto, Antti Joonas and Spinazzè, Andrea and Verdonck, Frederik and Borghi, Francesca and Löndahl, Jakob and Koponen, Ismo Kalevi and Verpaele, Steven and Jayjock, Michael and Hussein, Tareq and Lopez de Ipiña, Jesus and Arnold, Susan and Furxhi, Irini}},
  issn         = {{2732-5121}},
  keywords     = {{Conditions of use; ECHA; EN 689; Inhalation exposure; Probabilistic model; REACH; Stationary measurements}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{F1000 Research Ltd.}},
  series       = {{Open Research Europe}},
  title        = {{Assessment of exposure determinants and exposure levels by using stationary concentration measurements and a probabilistic near-field/far-field exposure model}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.13752.1}},
  doi          = {{10.12688/openreseurope.13752.1}},
  volume       = {{1}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}