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COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Skåne county, Sweden, in relation to individual-level and area-level sociodemographic factors: a register-based cross-sectional analysis

Mitchell, Adam LU ; Inghammar, Malin LU ; Bennet, Louise LU orcid ; Östergren, Per-Olof LU ; Moghaddassi, Mahnaz LU and Björk, Jonas LU orcid (2024) In BMJ Public Health 2.
Abstract
Objectives Better understanding of societal factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination can have important implications for public health policy to increase uptake.
Methods This study investigated sociodemographic determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake with ≥2 doses vs 0 doses, and ≥3 doses vs 2 doses, among adults (≥18 years) in a general population from Sweden followed from 27 December 2020 (n=1 064 548 at the present cross-section—12 June 12 2022). Associations between individual-level and area-level sociodemographic factors and vaccine uptake were modelled with logistic regression, with average marginal effects and estimated proportion vaccinated subsequently estimated.
Results Being vaccinated with ≥2 doses vs 0 doses was... (More)
Objectives Better understanding of societal factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination can have important implications for public health policy to increase uptake.
Methods This study investigated sociodemographic determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake with ≥2 doses vs 0 doses, and ≥3 doses vs 2 doses, among adults (≥18 years) in a general population from Sweden followed from 27 December 2020 (n=1 064 548 at the present cross-section—12 June 12 2022). Associations between individual-level and area-level sociodemographic factors and vaccine uptake were modelled with logistic regression, with average marginal effects and estimated proportion vaccinated subsequently estimated.
Results Being vaccinated with ≥2 doses vs 0 doses was positively associated with education (tertiary vs primary, OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.3 to 1.7), household disposable income (Q5 vs Q1, OR 2.3; 95% CI 1.9 to 2.7), comorbidities (≥2 doses vs none, OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.8 to 1.9) and residential area type (affluent socioeconomic conditions vs poor, OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.6 to 2.4). Whereas, being born outside Sweden was associated with a lower uptake (low and middle-income countries vs Swedish born, OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.5 to 0.7). The associations were generally similar when comparing booster vs remaining on only two doses. From these ORs, there were consistent differences in the estimated proportion vaccinated both for ≥2 doses and booster vaccination. Absolute changes in percentage vaccinated between affluent and poor areas were largely similar across individual country of birth, income and education, both for at least two doses and for the booster doses.
Conclusions COVID-19 vaccine uptake was associated with higher sociodemographic classifications both at the individual level and area level. The predicted proportion vaccinated increased with more affluent socioeconomic conditions and concurrent increases in individual household income were the strongest indicators. This sociodemographic selection showed consistency with respect to entering (obtaining ≥2 doses) and remaining (obtaining at least one booster dose) in the vaccination programme. (Less)
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author
; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Covid-19, Vaccination, sociodemographic, register-based study
in
BMJ Public Health
volume
2
article number
e000437
publisher
BMJ Publishing Group
ISSN
2753-4294
DOI
10.1136/bmjph-2023-000437
project
Improved preparedness for future pandemics and other health crises through large-scale disease surveillance
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
1d6cd482-8028-446f-8af2-6ce62e87b500
date added to LUP
2024-04-04 11:32:51
date last changed
2025-01-27 15:05:36
@article{1d6cd482-8028-446f-8af2-6ce62e87b500,
  abstract     = {{Objectives Better understanding of societal factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination can have important implications for public health policy to increase uptake.<br/>Methods This study investigated sociodemographic determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake with ≥2 doses vs 0 doses, and ≥3 doses vs 2 doses, among adults (≥18 years) in a general population from Sweden followed from 27 December 2020 (n=1 064 548 at the present cross-section—12 June 12 2022). Associations between individual-level and area-level sociodemographic factors and vaccine uptake were modelled with logistic regression, with average marginal effects and estimated proportion vaccinated subsequently estimated.<br/>Results Being vaccinated with ≥2 doses vs 0 doses was positively associated with education (tertiary vs primary, OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.3 to 1.7), household disposable income (Q5 vs Q1, OR 2.3; 95% CI 1.9 to 2.7), comorbidities (≥2 doses vs none, OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.8 to 1.9) and residential area type (affluent socioeconomic conditions vs poor, OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.6 to 2.4). Whereas, being born outside Sweden was associated with a lower uptake (low and middle-income countries vs Swedish born, OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.5 to 0.7). The associations were generally similar when comparing booster vs remaining on only two doses. From these ORs, there were consistent differences in the estimated proportion vaccinated both for ≥2 doses and booster vaccination. Absolute changes in percentage vaccinated between affluent and poor areas were largely similar across individual country of birth, income and education, both for at least two doses and for the booster doses.<br/>Conclusions COVID-19 vaccine uptake was associated with higher sociodemographic classifications both at the individual level and area level. The predicted proportion vaccinated increased with more affluent socioeconomic conditions and concurrent increases in individual household income were the strongest indicators. This sociodemographic selection showed consistency with respect to entering (obtaining ≥2 doses) and remaining (obtaining at least one booster dose) in the vaccination programme.}},
  author       = {{Mitchell, Adam and Inghammar, Malin and Bennet, Louise and Östergren, Per-Olof and Moghaddassi, Mahnaz and Björk, Jonas}},
  issn         = {{2753-4294}},
  keywords     = {{Covid-19; Vaccination; sociodemographic; register-based study}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{03}},
  publisher    = {{BMJ Publishing Group}},
  series       = {{BMJ Public Health}},
  title        = {{COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Skåne county, Sweden, in relation to individual-level and area-level sociodemographic factors: a register-based cross-sectional analysis}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjph-2023-000437}},
  doi          = {{10.1136/bmjph-2023-000437}},
  volume       = {{2}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}