Skip to main content

Lund University Publications

LUND UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES

Investigating the differences in calculating global mean surface CO2 abundance: the impact of analysis methodologies and site selection

Wu, Zhendong LU ; Vermeulen, Alex LU orcid ; Sawa, Yousuke ; Karstens, Ute LU orcid ; Peters, Wouter ; De Kok, Remco ; Lan, Xin ; Nagai, Yasuyuki ; Ogi, Akinori and Tarasova, Oksana (2024) In Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 24(2). p.1249-1264
Abstract
The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) coordinates high-quality atmospheric greenhouse gas observations globally and provides these observations through the WMO World Data Centre for Greenhouse Gases (WDCGG) supported by Japan Meteorological Agency. The WDCGG and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) analyse these measurements using different methodologies and site selection to calculate global annual mean surface CO2 and its growth rate as a headline climate indicator. This study introduces a third hybrid method named GFIT, which serves as an independent validation and open-source alternative to the methods described by NOAA and WDCGG. We apply GFIT to incorporate observations from... (More)
The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) coordinates high-quality atmospheric greenhouse gas observations globally and provides these observations through the WMO World Data Centre for Greenhouse Gases (WDCGG) supported by Japan Meteorological Agency. The WDCGG and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) analyse these measurements using different methodologies and site selection to calculate global annual mean surface CO2 and its growth rate as a headline climate indicator. This study introduces a third hybrid method named GFIT, which serves as an independent validation and open-source alternative to the methods described by NOAA and WDCGG. We apply GFIT to incorporate observations from most WMO GAW stations and 3D modelled CO2 fields from CarbonTracker Europe (CTE). We find that different observational networks (i.e. NOAA, GAW, and CTE networks) and analysis methods result in differences in the calculated global surface CO2 mole fractions equivalent to the current atmospheric growth rate over a 3-month period. However, the CO2 growth rate derived from these networks and the CTE model output shows good agreement. Over the long-term period (40 years), both networks with and without continental sites exhibit the same trend in the growth rate (0.030 ± 0.002 ppm yr−1 each year). However, a clear difference emerges in the short-term (1-month) change in the growth rate. The network that includes continental sites improves the early detection of changes in biogenic emissions. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
volume
24
issue
2
pages
1249 - 1264
publisher
Copernicus GmbH
external identifiers
  • scopus:85184072189
ISSN
1680-7324
DOI
10.5194/acp-24-1249-2024
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
24e65f92-b0bd-4342-ac7d-f1cc0a2f4952
date added to LUP
2025-01-08 22:19:34
date last changed
2025-04-04 14:30:53
@article{24e65f92-b0bd-4342-ac7d-f1cc0a2f4952,
  abstract     = {{The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) coordinates high-quality atmospheric greenhouse gas observations globally and provides these observations through the WMO World Data Centre for Greenhouse Gases (WDCGG) supported by Japan Meteorological Agency. The WDCGG and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) analyse these measurements using different methodologies and site selection to calculate global annual mean surface CO2 and its growth rate as a headline climate indicator. This study introduces a third hybrid method named GFIT, which serves as an independent validation and open-source alternative to the methods described by NOAA and WDCGG. We apply GFIT to incorporate observations from most WMO GAW stations and 3D modelled CO2 fields from CarbonTracker Europe (CTE). We find that different observational networks (i.e. NOAA, GAW, and CTE networks) and analysis methods result in differences in the calculated global surface CO2 mole fractions equivalent to the current atmospheric growth rate over a 3-month period. However, the CO2 growth rate derived from these networks and the CTE model output shows good agreement. Over the long-term period (40 years), both networks with and without continental sites exhibit the same trend in the growth rate (0.030 ± 0.002 ppm yr−1 each year). However, a clear difference emerges in the short-term (1-month) change in the growth rate. The network that includes continental sites improves the early detection of changes in biogenic emissions.}},
  author       = {{Wu, Zhendong and Vermeulen, Alex and Sawa, Yousuke and Karstens, Ute and Peters, Wouter and De Kok, Remco and Lan, Xin and Nagai, Yasuyuki and Ogi, Akinori and Tarasova, Oksana}},
  issn         = {{1680-7324}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{01}},
  number       = {{2}},
  pages        = {{1249--1264}},
  publisher    = {{Copernicus GmbH}},
  series       = {{Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics}},
  title        = {{Investigating the differences in calculating global mean surface CO2 abundance: the impact of analysis methodologies and site selection}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1249-2024}},
  doi          = {{10.5194/acp-24-1249-2024}},
  volume       = {{24}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}