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Postprandial glycaemic dips predict appetite and energy intake in healthy individuals

Wyatt, Patrick ; Berry, Sarah E. ; Finlayson, Graham ; O’Driscoll, Ruairi ; Hadjigeorgiou, George ; Drew, David A. ; Khatib, Haya Al ; Nguyen, Long H. ; Linenberg, Inbar and Chan, Andrew T. , et al. (2021) In Nature Metabolism 3(4). p.523-529
Abstract

Understanding how to modulate appetite in humans is key to developing successful weight loss interventions. Here, we showed that postprandial glucose dips 2–3 h after a meal are a better predictor of postprandial self-reported hunger and subsequent energy intake than peak glucose at 0–2 h and glucose incremental area under the blood glucose curve at 0–2 h. We explore the links among postprandial glucose, appetite and subsequent energy intake in 1,070 participants from a UK exploratory and US validation cohort, who consumed 8,624 standardized meals followed by 71,715 ad libitum meals, using continuous glucose monitors to record postprandial glycaemia. For participants eating each of the standardized meals, the average postprandial... (More)

Understanding how to modulate appetite in humans is key to developing successful weight loss interventions. Here, we showed that postprandial glucose dips 2–3 h after a meal are a better predictor of postprandial self-reported hunger and subsequent energy intake than peak glucose at 0–2 h and glucose incremental area under the blood glucose curve at 0–2 h. We explore the links among postprandial glucose, appetite and subsequent energy intake in 1,070 participants from a UK exploratory and US validation cohort, who consumed 8,624 standardized meals followed by 71,715 ad libitum meals, using continuous glucose monitors to record postprandial glycaemia. For participants eating each of the standardized meals, the average postprandial glucose dip at 2–3 h relative to baseline level predicted an increase in hunger at 2–3 h (r = 0.16, P < 0.001), shorter time until next meal (r = −0.14, P < 0.001), greater energy intake at 3–4 h (r = 0.19, P < 0.001) and greater energy intake at 24 h (r = 0.27, P < 0.001). Results were directionally consistent in the US validation cohort. These data provide a quantitative assessment of the relevance of postprandial glycaemia in appetite and energy intake modulation.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Nature Metabolism
volume
3
issue
4
pages
7 pages
publisher
Springer Nature
external identifiers
  • scopus:85104251059
  • pmid:33846643
ISSN
2522-5812
DOI
10.1038/s42255-021-00383-x
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
26b1c934-69b7-4f83-be38-b122b3aa16c0
date added to LUP
2021-04-27 09:48:39
date last changed
2024-12-16 05:53:53
@article{26b1c934-69b7-4f83-be38-b122b3aa16c0,
  abstract     = {{<p>Understanding how to modulate appetite in humans is key to developing successful weight loss interventions. Here, we showed that postprandial glucose dips 2–3 h after a meal are a better predictor of postprandial self-reported hunger and subsequent energy intake than peak glucose at 0–2 h and glucose incremental area under the blood glucose curve at 0–2 h. We explore the links among postprandial glucose, appetite and subsequent energy intake in 1,070 participants from a UK exploratory and US validation cohort, who consumed 8,624 standardized meals followed by 71,715 ad libitum meals, using continuous glucose monitors to record postprandial glycaemia. For participants eating each of the standardized meals, the average postprandial glucose dip at 2–3 h relative to baseline level predicted an increase in hunger at 2–3 h (r = 0.16, P &lt; 0.001), shorter time until next meal (r = −0.14, P &lt; 0.001), greater energy intake at 3–4 h (r = 0.19, P &lt; 0.001) and greater energy intake at 24 h (r = 0.27, P &lt; 0.001). Results were directionally consistent in the US validation cohort. These data provide a quantitative assessment of the relevance of postprandial glycaemia in appetite and energy intake modulation.</p>}},
  author       = {{Wyatt, Patrick and Berry, Sarah E. and Finlayson, Graham and O’Driscoll, Ruairi and Hadjigeorgiou, George and Drew, David A. and Khatib, Haya Al and Nguyen, Long H. and Linenberg, Inbar and Chan, Andrew T. and Spector, Tim D. and Franks, Paul W. and Wolf, Jonathan and Blundell, John and Valdes, Ana M.}},
  issn         = {{2522-5812}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{04}},
  number       = {{4}},
  pages        = {{523--529}},
  publisher    = {{Springer Nature}},
  series       = {{Nature Metabolism}},
  title        = {{Postprandial glycaemic dips predict appetite and energy intake in healthy individuals}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42255-021-00383-x}},
  doi          = {{10.1038/s42255-021-00383-x}},
  volume       = {{3}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}