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Synthesis, characterization, and challenges faced during the preparation of zirconium pillared clays

Chauhan, Tanya ; Udayakumar, Mahitha ; Ahmed Shehab, Mohammed ; Kristály, Ferenc ; Katalin Leskó, Anett ; Ek, Martin LU orcid ; Wahlqvist, David LU ; Tóth, Pál ; Hernadi, Klara and Németh, Zoltán (2022) In Arabian Journal of Chemistry 15(4).
Abstract
In this study, Zr-pillared montmorillonite clays (Zr-PILCs) were synthesized using two different precursor materials: raw montmorillonite (CM) and sodium ion-saturated montmorillonite (Na-CM) at different Zr/clay ratios (2.5, 5 and 10 mmol/g). To study the effect of Zr concentration and clay pre-treatment with NaCl on pillaring, the modified clay samples were characterized in detail using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (STEM-EDX). The XRD analysis showed the increase of basal spacing of Zr-PILCs prepared from both precursor... (More)
In this study, Zr-pillared montmorillonite clays (Zr-PILCs) were synthesized using two different precursor materials: raw montmorillonite (CM) and sodium ion-saturated montmorillonite (Na-CM) at different Zr/clay ratios (2.5, 5 and 10 mmol/g). To study the effect of Zr concentration and clay pre-treatment with NaCl on pillaring, the modified clay samples were characterized in detail using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (STEM-EDX). The XRD analysis showed the increase of basal spacing of Zr-PILCs prepared from both precursor materials: from 1.26 to 1.74 nm in the case of CM, and from 1.13 to 1.93 nm for Na-CM. Results from FT-IR revealed new bands ascribed to Zr-O bonds in the range of 400–500 cm−1 in Zr-pillared samples obtained from Na-CM at Zr/clay ratios of 2.5 and 5 mmol/g. The distribution and nature of Zr species in between the silicate layers were studied using STEM-EDX and HAADF imaging. They were found to be separated by a distance of 1.5–3 nm and their thickness lies in the range of 1–2 nm. Pillared clays prepared from pre-treatment with NaCl were more thermally stable at higher temperatures. (Less)
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author
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Montmorillonite, Zr-PILCs, Pillaring, Sodium-saturated montmorillonite, Specific surface area, Basal spacing
in
Arabian Journal of Chemistry
volume
15
issue
4
article number
103706
pages
10 pages
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • scopus:85123708619
ISSN
1878-5352
DOI
10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103706
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
2a9a8f0e-c41c-430e-8057-dd433f4f8463
date added to LUP
2022-02-09 15:04:07
date last changed
2023-11-10 01:58:08
@article{2a9a8f0e-c41c-430e-8057-dd433f4f8463,
  abstract     = {{In this study, Zr-pillared montmorillonite clays (Zr-PILCs) were synthesized using two different precursor materials: raw montmorillonite (CM) and sodium ion-saturated montmorillonite (Na-CM) at different Zr/clay ratios (2.5, 5 and 10 mmol/g). To study the effect of Zr concentration and clay pre-treatment with NaCl on pillaring, the modified clay samples were characterized in detail using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (STEM-EDX). The XRD analysis showed the increase of basal spacing of Zr-PILCs prepared from both precursor materials: from 1.26 to 1.74 nm in the case of CM, and from 1.13 to 1.93 nm for Na-CM. Results from FT-IR revealed new bands ascribed to Zr-O bonds in the range of 400–500 cm−1 in Zr-pillared samples obtained from Na-CM at Zr/clay ratios of 2.5 and 5 mmol/g. The distribution and nature of Zr species in between the silicate layers were studied using STEM-EDX and HAADF imaging. They were found to be separated by a distance of 1.5–3 nm and their thickness lies in the range of 1–2 nm. Pillared clays prepared from pre-treatment with NaCl were more thermally stable at higher temperatures.}},
  author       = {{Chauhan, Tanya and Udayakumar, Mahitha and Ahmed Shehab, Mohammed and Kristály, Ferenc and Katalin Leskó, Anett and Ek, Martin and Wahlqvist, David and Tóth, Pál and Hernadi, Klara and Németh, Zoltán}},
  issn         = {{1878-5352}},
  keywords     = {{Montmorillonite; Zr-PILCs; Pillaring; Sodium-saturated montmorillonite; Specific surface area; Basal spacing}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{04}},
  number       = {{4}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{Arabian Journal of Chemistry}},
  title        = {{Synthesis, characterization, and challenges faced during the preparation of zirconium pillared clays}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103706}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103706}},
  volume       = {{15}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}