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Impact of insufficient sleep on dysregulated blood glucose control under standardised meal conditions

Tsereteli, Neli LU ; Vallat, Raphael ; Fernandez-Tajes, Juan LU ; Delahanty, Linda M. ; Ordovas, Jose M. ; Drew, David A. ; Valdes, Ana M. ; Segata, Nicola ; Chan, Andrew T. and Wolf, Jonathan , et al. (2022) In Diabetologia 65(2). p.356-365
Abstract

Aims/hypothesis: Sleep, diet and exercise are fundamental to metabolic homeostasis. In this secondary analysis of a repeated measures, nutritional intervention study, we tested whether an individual’s sleep quality, duration and timing impact glycaemic response to a breakfast meal the following morning. Methods: Healthy adults’ data (N = 953 [41% twins]) were analysed from the PREDICT dietary intervention trial. Participants consumed isoenergetic standardised meals over 2 weeks in the clinic and at home. Actigraphy was used to assess sleep variables (duration, efficiency, timing) and continuous glucose monitors were used to measure glycaemic variation (>8000 meals). Results: Sleep variables were significantly associated with... (More)

Aims/hypothesis: Sleep, diet and exercise are fundamental to metabolic homeostasis. In this secondary analysis of a repeated measures, nutritional intervention study, we tested whether an individual’s sleep quality, duration and timing impact glycaemic response to a breakfast meal the following morning. Methods: Healthy adults’ data (N = 953 [41% twins]) were analysed from the PREDICT dietary intervention trial. Participants consumed isoenergetic standardised meals over 2 weeks in the clinic and at home. Actigraphy was used to assess sleep variables (duration, efficiency, timing) and continuous glucose monitors were used to measure glycaemic variation (>8000 meals). Results: Sleep variables were significantly associated with postprandial glycaemic control (2 h incremental AUC), at both between- and within-person levels. Sleep period time interacted with meal type, with a smaller effect of poor sleep on postprandial blood glucose levels when high-carbohydrate (low fat/protein) (pinteraction = 0.02) and high-fat (pinteraction = 0.03) breakfasts were consumed compared with a reference 75 g OGTT. Within-person sleep period time had a similar interaction (high carbohydrate: pinteraction = 0.001, high fat: pinteraction = 0.02). Within- and between-person sleep efficiency were significantly associated with lower postprandial blood glucose levels irrespective of meal type (both p < 0.03). Later sleep midpoint (time deviation from midnight) was found to be significantly associated with higher postprandial glucose, in both between-person and within-person comparisons (p = 0.035 and p = 0.051, respectively). Conclusions/interpretation: Poor sleep efficiency and later bedtime routines are associated with more pronounced postprandial glycaemic responses to breakfast the following morning. A person’s deviation from their usual sleep pattern was also associated with poorer postprandial glycaemic control. These findings underscore sleep as a modifiable, non-pharmacological therapeutic target for the optimal regulation of human metabolic health. Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT03479866. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Diet, Metabolic health, Person-centring, Postprandial glucose, Sleep
in
Diabetologia
volume
65
issue
2
pages
356 - 365
publisher
Springer
external identifiers
  • pmid:34845532
  • scopus:85120064125
ISSN
0012-186X
DOI
10.1007/s00125-021-05608-y
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
2cd8e18b-b7b4-4114-9850-4720e61f6560
date added to LUP
2021-12-14 13:54:07
date last changed
2024-06-15 22:40:51
@article{2cd8e18b-b7b4-4114-9850-4720e61f6560,
  abstract     = {{<p>Aims/hypothesis: Sleep, diet and exercise are fundamental to metabolic homeostasis. In this secondary analysis of a repeated measures, nutritional intervention study, we tested whether an individual’s sleep quality, duration and timing impact glycaemic response to a breakfast meal the following morning. Methods: Healthy adults’ data (N = 953 [41% twins]) were analysed from the PREDICT dietary intervention trial. Participants consumed isoenergetic standardised meals over 2 weeks in the clinic and at home. Actigraphy was used to assess sleep variables (duration, efficiency, timing) and continuous glucose monitors were used to measure glycaemic variation (&gt;8000 meals). Results: Sleep variables were significantly associated with postprandial glycaemic control (2 h incremental AUC), at both between- and within-person levels. Sleep period time interacted with meal type, with a smaller effect of poor sleep on postprandial blood glucose levels when high-carbohydrate (low fat/protein) (p<sub>interaction</sub> = 0.02) and high-fat (p<sub>interaction</sub> = 0.03) breakfasts were consumed compared with a reference 75 g OGTT. Within-person sleep period time had a similar interaction (high carbohydrate: p<sub>interaction</sub> = 0.001, high fat: p<sub>interaction</sub> = 0.02). Within- and between-person sleep efficiency were significantly associated with lower postprandial blood glucose levels irrespective of meal type (both p &lt; 0.03). Later sleep midpoint (time deviation from midnight) was found to be significantly associated with higher postprandial glucose, in both between-person and within-person comparisons (p = 0.035 and p = 0.051, respectively). Conclusions/interpretation: Poor sleep efficiency and later bedtime routines are associated with more pronounced postprandial glycaemic responses to breakfast the following morning. A person’s deviation from their usual sleep pattern was also associated with poorer postprandial glycaemic control. These findings underscore sleep as a modifiable, non-pharmacological therapeutic target for the optimal regulation of human metabolic health. Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT03479866. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]</p>}},
  author       = {{Tsereteli, Neli and Vallat, Raphael and Fernandez-Tajes, Juan and Delahanty, Linda M. and Ordovas, Jose M. and Drew, David A. and Valdes, Ana M. and Segata, Nicola and Chan, Andrew T. and Wolf, Jonathan and Berry, Sarah E. and Walker, Matthew P. and Spector, Timothy D. and Franks, Paul W.}},
  issn         = {{0012-186X}},
  keywords     = {{Diet; Metabolic health; Person-centring; Postprandial glucose; Sleep}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{2}},
  pages        = {{356--365}},
  publisher    = {{Springer}},
  series       = {{Diabetologia}},
  title        = {{Impact of insufficient sleep on dysregulated blood glucose control under standardised meal conditions}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00125-021-05608-y}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s00125-021-05608-y}},
  volume       = {{65}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}