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Exposure to common-use pesticides, manganese, lead, and thyroid function among pregnant women from the Infants' Environmental Health (ISA) study, Costa Rica

Corrales Vargas, Andrea ; Peñaloza Castañeda, Jorge ; Rietz Liljedahl, Emelie LU ; Mora, Ana María ; Menezes-Filho, Jose Antonio ; Smith, Donald R. ; Mergler, Donna ; Reich, Brian ; Giffin, Andrew and Hoppin, Jane A. , et al. (2022) In Science of the Total Environment 810.
Abstract

Background: Pesticides and metals may disrupt thyroid function, which is key to fetal brain development. Objectives: To evaluate if current-use pesticide exposures, lead and excess manganese alter free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations in pregnant women from the Infants' Environmental Health Study (ISA). Methods: At enrollment, we determined women's (n = 400) specific-gravity corrected urinary pesticide (μg/L) metabolite concentrations of mancozeb (ethylene thiourea (ETU)), pyrimethanil, thiabendazole, chlorpyrifos, synthetic pyrethroids, and 2,4-D. We also measured manganese hair (MnH) (μg/g) and blood (MnB) (μg/L), and blood lead (PbB) (μg/L) concentrations. To detect an... (More)

Background: Pesticides and metals may disrupt thyroid function, which is key to fetal brain development. Objectives: To evaluate if current-use pesticide exposures, lead and excess manganese alter free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations in pregnant women from the Infants' Environmental Health Study (ISA). Methods: At enrollment, we determined women's (n = 400) specific-gravity corrected urinary pesticide (μg/L) metabolite concentrations of mancozeb (ethylene thiourea (ETU)), pyrimethanil, thiabendazole, chlorpyrifos, synthetic pyrethroids, and 2,4-D. We also measured manganese hair (MnH) (μg/g) and blood (MnB) (μg/L), and blood lead (PbB) (μg/L) concentrations. To detect an immediate and late effect on thyroid homeostasis, we determined TSH, FT4 and FT3 in serum obtained at the same visit (n = 400), and about ten weeks afterwards (n = 245). We assessed associations between exposures and outcomes with linear regression and general additive models, Bayesian multivariate linear regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression. Results: About 80%, 94%, and 100% of the women had TSH, FT4, and FT3 within clinical reference ranges, respectively. Women with higher urinary ETU, and pyrimethanil-metabolites, had lower FT4: β = −0.79 (95%CI = −1.51, −0.08) and β = −0.29 (95%CI = −0.62, −0.03), respectively, for each tenfold increase in exposure. MnB was positively associated with FT4 (β = 0.04 (95%CI = 0.00, 0.07 per 1 μg/L increase), and women with high urinary pyrethroid-metabolite concentrations had decreased TSH (non-linear effects). For the late-effect analysis, metabolites of pyrethroids and chlorpyrifos, as well as MnH, and PbB were associated decreased TSH, or increased FT4 and/or FT3. Discussion: Mancozeb (ETU) and pyrimethanil may inhibit FT4 secretion (hypothyroidism-like effect), while chlorpyrifos, pyrethroids, MnB, MnH, PbB and Mn showed hyperthyroidism-like effects. Some effects on thyroid homeostasis seemed to be immediate (mancozeb (ETU), pyrimethanil, MnB), others delayed (chlorpyrifos, MnH, PbB), or both (pyrethroids), possibly reflecting different mechanisms of action.

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publication status
published
subject
keywords
Endocrine disruptors, Latin America, Metals, Pesticides, Thyroid function
in
Science of the Total Environment
volume
810
article number
151288
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • scopus:85119040600
  • pmid:34756903
ISSN
0048-9697
DOI
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151288
language
English
LU publication?
yes
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Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Authors
id
2e4a818b-03f1-491b-8b0c-815a8663be29
date added to LUP
2021-12-03 08:44:59
date last changed
2024-04-06 14:31:20
@article{2e4a818b-03f1-491b-8b0c-815a8663be29,
  abstract     = {{<p>Background: Pesticides and metals may disrupt thyroid function, which is key to fetal brain development. Objectives: To evaluate if current-use pesticide exposures, lead and excess manganese alter free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations in pregnant women from the Infants' Environmental Health Study (ISA). Methods: At enrollment, we determined women's (n = 400) specific-gravity corrected urinary pesticide (μg/L) metabolite concentrations of mancozeb (ethylene thiourea (ETU)), pyrimethanil, thiabendazole, chlorpyrifos, synthetic pyrethroids, and 2,4-D. We also measured manganese hair (MnH) (μg/g) and blood (MnB) (μg/L), and blood lead (PbB) (μg/L) concentrations. To detect an immediate and late effect on thyroid homeostasis, we determined TSH, FT4 and FT3 in serum obtained at the same visit (n = 400), and about ten weeks afterwards (n = 245). We assessed associations between exposures and outcomes with linear regression and general additive models, Bayesian multivariate linear regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression. Results: About 80%, 94%, and 100% of the women had TSH, FT4, and FT3 within clinical reference ranges, respectively. Women with higher urinary ETU, and pyrimethanil-metabolites, had lower FT4: β = −0.79 (95%CI = −1.51, −0.08) and β = −0.29 (95%CI = −0.62, −0.03), respectively, for each tenfold increase in exposure. MnB was positively associated with FT4 (β = 0.04 (95%CI = 0.00, 0.07 per 1 μg/L increase), and women with high urinary pyrethroid-metabolite concentrations had decreased TSH (non-linear effects). For the late-effect analysis, metabolites of pyrethroids and chlorpyrifos, as well as MnH, and PbB were associated decreased TSH, or increased FT4 and/or FT3. Discussion: Mancozeb (ETU) and pyrimethanil may inhibit FT4 secretion (hypothyroidism-like effect), while chlorpyrifos, pyrethroids, MnB, MnH, PbB and Mn showed hyperthyroidism-like effects. Some effects on thyroid homeostasis seemed to be immediate (mancozeb (ETU), pyrimethanil, MnB), others delayed (chlorpyrifos, MnH, PbB), or both (pyrethroids), possibly reflecting different mechanisms of action.</p>}},
  author       = {{Corrales Vargas, Andrea and Peñaloza Castañeda, Jorge and Rietz Liljedahl, Emelie and Mora, Ana María and Menezes-Filho, Jose Antonio and Smith, Donald R. and Mergler, Donna and Reich, Brian and Giffin, Andrew and Hoppin, Jane A. and Lindh, Christian H. and van Wendel de Joode, Berna}},
  issn         = {{0048-9697}},
  keywords     = {{Endocrine disruptors; Latin America; Metals; Pesticides; Thyroid function}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{Science of the Total Environment}},
  title        = {{Exposure to common-use pesticides, manganese, lead, and thyroid function among pregnant women from the Infants' Environmental Health (ISA) study, Costa Rica}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151288}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151288}},
  volume       = {{810}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}