Chlorination byproducts and nitrate in drinking water and risk for congenital cardiac defects
(2002) In Environmental Research 89(2). p.124-130- Abstract
- Drinking water disinfection byproducts have been associated with an increased risk for congenital defects including cardiac defects. Using Swedish health registers linked to information on municipal drinking water composition, individual data on drinking water characteristics were obtained for 58,669 women. Among the infants born, 753 had a cardiac defect. The risk for a cardiac defect was determined for ground water versus surface water, for different chlorination procedures, and for trihalomethane and nitrate concentrations. Ground water was associated with an increased risk for cardiac defect when crude rates were analyzed but after suitable adjustments this excess rate was found to be determined by chlorination procedures including... (More)
- Drinking water disinfection byproducts have been associated with an increased risk for congenital defects including cardiac defects. Using Swedish health registers linked to information on municipal drinking water composition, individual data on drinking water characteristics were obtained for 58,669 women. Among the infants born, 753 had a cardiac defect. The risk for a cardiac defect was determined for ground water versus surface water, for different chlorination procedures, and for trihalomethane and nitrate concentrations. Ground water was associated with an increased risk for cardiac defect when crude rates were analyzed but after suitable adjustments this excess rate was found to be determined by chlorination procedures including chlorine dioxide. Chlorine dioxide appears itself as an independent risk factor for cardiac defects (adjusted odds ratio 1.61 (95% CI 1.00-2.59)). The risk for cardiac defects increased with increasing trihalomethane concentrations (P = 0.0005). There was an indicated but statistically nonsignificant excess risk associated with nitrate concentration. The individual risk for congenital cardiac defect caused by chlorine dioxide and trihalomethanes is small but as a large population is exposed to public drinking water, the attributable risk for cardiac defects may not be negligible. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science (USA). (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/334556
- author
- Cedergren, MI ; Selbing, AJ ; Lofman, O and Källén, Bengt LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2002
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- trihalomethane, nitrate, chlorination, cardiac defects, drinking water
- in
- Environmental Research
- volume
- 89
- issue
- 2
- pages
- 124 - 130
- publisher
- Elsevier
- external identifiers
-
- pmid:12123645
- wos:000176452500003
- scopus:0036089861
- ISSN
- 1096-0953
- DOI
- 10.1006/enrs.2001.4362
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 633257b7-e092-4549-8a65-41469362d0d2 (old id 334556)
- date added to LUP
- 2016-04-01 11:38:00
- date last changed
- 2022-04-05 02:30:04
@article{633257b7-e092-4549-8a65-41469362d0d2,
abstract = {{Drinking water disinfection byproducts have been associated with an increased risk for congenital defects including cardiac defects. Using Swedish health registers linked to information on municipal drinking water composition, individual data on drinking water characteristics were obtained for 58,669 women. Among the infants born, 753 had a cardiac defect. The risk for a cardiac defect was determined for ground water versus surface water, for different chlorination procedures, and for trihalomethane and nitrate concentrations. Ground water was associated with an increased risk for cardiac defect when crude rates were analyzed but after suitable adjustments this excess rate was found to be determined by chlorination procedures including chlorine dioxide. Chlorine dioxide appears itself as an independent risk factor for cardiac defects (adjusted odds ratio 1.61 (95% CI 1.00-2.59)). The risk for cardiac defects increased with increasing trihalomethane concentrations (P = 0.0005). There was an indicated but statistically nonsignificant excess risk associated with nitrate concentration. The individual risk for congenital cardiac defect caused by chlorine dioxide and trihalomethanes is small but as a large population is exposed to public drinking water, the attributable risk for cardiac defects may not be negligible. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science (USA).}},
author = {{Cedergren, MI and Selbing, AJ and Lofman, O and Källén, Bengt}},
issn = {{1096-0953}},
keywords = {{trihalomethane; nitrate; chlorination; cardiac defects; drinking water}},
language = {{eng}},
number = {{2}},
pages = {{124--130}},
publisher = {{Elsevier}},
series = {{Environmental Research}},
title = {{Chlorination byproducts and nitrate in drinking water and risk for congenital cardiac defects}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/enrs.2001.4362}},
doi = {{10.1006/enrs.2001.4362}},
volume = {{89}},
year = {{2002}},
}