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Low-grade systemic inflammation and peripheral airway function

Färdig, Martin ; Zaigham, Suneela LU ; Engström, Gunnar LU ; Janson, Christer ; Wollmer, Per LU and Malinovschi, Andrei (2025) In ERJ open research 11(1).
Abstract

Background Low-grade systemic inflammation is linked to abnormal spirometry. Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is sensitive in detecting peripheral airway dysfunction, but inflammation in relation to IOS is poorly studied. The objectives of the present study were to analyse associations between C-reactive protein (CRP), blood eosinophils (B-Eos), blood neutrophils (B-Neu), blood lymphocytes (B-Lym), blood leukocytes (B-Leu), blood monocytes (B-Mono) and IOS. Methods Blood biomarkers and IOS were assessed in 10 602 adults (aged 50–65 years) within the Swedish CardioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS). Upper tertiles for CRP (>1.80 mg·L−1), B-Eos (>0.20 109·L−1), B-Neu (>3.40 109·L−1), B-Lym (>2.00... (More)

Background Low-grade systemic inflammation is linked to abnormal spirometry. Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is sensitive in detecting peripheral airway dysfunction, but inflammation in relation to IOS is poorly studied. The objectives of the present study were to analyse associations between C-reactive protein (CRP), blood eosinophils (B-Eos), blood neutrophils (B-Neu), blood lymphocytes (B-Lym), blood leukocytes (B-Leu), blood monocytes (B-Mono) and IOS. Methods Blood biomarkers and IOS were assessed in 10 602 adults (aged 50–65 years) within the Swedish CardioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS). Upper tertiles for CRP (>1.80 mg·L−1), B-Eos (>0.20 109·L−1), B-Neu (>3.40 109·L−1), B-Lym (>2.00 109·L−1), B-Leu (>6.10 109·L−1) and B-Mono (>0.50 109·L−1) were analysed in relation to the following abnormal IOS indices: resistance at 5 Hz, resistance at 20 Hz, area of reactance, resonant frequency (>95th percentile) and reactance at 5 Hz (<5th percentile), based on healthy, never-smoking SCAPIS participants. Results Abnormal IOS was observed in 1715 (16.2%), of which 580 (33.8%) also had abnormal spirometry. Having several blood biomarkers in the upper tertile (1, 2–3 or 4–6 versus 0) was overall associated with abnormal IOS; adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) ranging from 1.19 (1.02–1.38) to 2.27 (1.79–2.89). Furthermore, having 2–3 or more blood biomarkers versus 0 in the upper tertile was overall linked to abnormal IOS in participants with normal spirometry; adjusted OR (95% CI) ranging from 1.43 (1.17–1.75) to 1.75 (1.29–2.38). Conclusions Low-grade systemic inflammation was related to abnormal IOS and appeared consistent even when participants had normal spirometry.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
ERJ open research
volume
11
issue
1
article number
00674-2024
publisher
European Respiratory Society
external identifiers
  • pmid:40013019
  • scopus:105000406921
ISSN
2312-0541
DOI
10.1183/23120541.00674-2024
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
34175261-5916-4ab3-84e7-29d0bd719489
date added to LUP
2026-01-09 10:26:03
date last changed
2026-01-10 03:00:07
@article{34175261-5916-4ab3-84e7-29d0bd719489,
  abstract     = {{<p>Background Low-grade systemic inflammation is linked to abnormal spirometry. Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is sensitive in detecting peripheral airway dysfunction, but inflammation in relation to IOS is poorly studied. The objectives of the present study were to analyse associations between C-reactive protein (CRP), blood eosinophils (B-Eos), blood neutrophils (B-Neu), blood lymphocytes (B-Lym), blood leukocytes (B-Leu), blood monocytes (B-Mono) and IOS. Methods Blood biomarkers and IOS were assessed in 10 602 adults (aged 50–65 years) within the Swedish CardioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS). Upper tertiles for CRP (&gt;1.80 mg·L<sup>−1</sup>), B-Eos (&gt;0.20 10<sup>9·L−1</sup>), B-Neu (&gt;3.40 10<sup>9·L−1</sup>), B-Lym (&gt;2.00 10<sup>9·L−1</sup>), B-Leu (&gt;6.10 10<sup>9·L−1</sup>) and B-Mono (&gt;0.50 10<sup>9·L−1</sup>) were analysed in relation to the following abnormal IOS indices: resistance at 5 Hz, resistance at 20 Hz, area of reactance, resonant frequency (&gt;95th percentile) and reactance at 5 Hz (&lt;5th percentile), based on healthy, never-smoking SCAPIS participants. Results Abnormal IOS was observed in 1715 (16.2%), of which 580 (33.8%) also had abnormal spirometry. Having several blood biomarkers in the upper tertile (1, 2–3 or 4–6 versus 0) was overall associated with abnormal IOS; adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) ranging from 1.19 (1.02–1.38) to 2.27 (1.79–2.89). Furthermore, having 2–3 or more blood biomarkers versus 0 in the upper tertile was overall linked to abnormal IOS in participants with normal spirometry; adjusted OR (95% CI) ranging from 1.43 (1.17–1.75) to 1.75 (1.29–2.38). Conclusions Low-grade systemic inflammation was related to abnormal IOS and appeared consistent even when participants had normal spirometry.</p>}},
  author       = {{Färdig, Martin and Zaigham, Suneela and Engström, Gunnar and Janson, Christer and Wollmer, Per and Malinovschi, Andrei}},
  issn         = {{2312-0541}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{1}},
  publisher    = {{European Respiratory Society}},
  series       = {{ERJ open research}},
  title        = {{Low-grade systemic inflammation and peripheral airway function}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00674-2024}},
  doi          = {{10.1183/23120541.00674-2024}},
  volume       = {{11}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}