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Interaction between the STAT4 rs11889341(T) risk allele and smoking confers increased risk of myocardial infarction and nephritis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

Reid, Sarah ; Hagberg, Niklas ; Sandling, Johanna K. ; Alexsson, Andrei ; Pucholt, Pascal ; Sjöwall, Christopher ; Lerang, Karoline ; Jönsen, Andreas LU ; Gunnarsson, Iva and Syvänen, Ann Christine , et al. (2021) In Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80(9). p.1183-1189
Abstract

Objective: To investigate how genetics influence the risk of smoking-related systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) manifestations. Methods: Patients with SLE (ndiscovery cohort=776, nreplication cohort=836) were genotyped using the 200K Immunochip single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) Array (Illumina) and a custom array. Sixty SNPs with SLE association (p<5.0×10-8) were analysed. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) activation was assessed in in vitro stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy controls (n=45). Results: In the discovery cohort, smoking was associated with myocardial infarction (MI) (OR 1.96 (95% CI 1.09 to 3.55)), with a greater effect in patients carrying any rs11889341 STAT4 risk... (More)

Objective: To investigate how genetics influence the risk of smoking-related systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) manifestations. Methods: Patients with SLE (ndiscovery cohort=776, nreplication cohort=836) were genotyped using the 200K Immunochip single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) Array (Illumina) and a custom array. Sixty SNPs with SLE association (p<5.0×10-8) were analysed. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) activation was assessed in in vitro stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy controls (n=45). Results: In the discovery cohort, smoking was associated with myocardial infarction (MI) (OR 1.96 (95% CI 1.09 to 3.55)), with a greater effect in patients carrying any rs11889341 STAT4 risk allele (OR 2.72 (95% CI 1.24 to 6.00)) or two risk alleles (OR 8.27 (95% CI 1.48 to 46.27)). Smokers carrying the risk allele also displayed an increased risk of nephritis (OR 1.47 (95% CI 1.06 to 2.03)). In the replication cohort, the high risk of MI in smokers carrying the risk allele and the association between the STAT4 risk allele and nephritis in smokers were confirmed (OR 6.19 (95% CI 1.29 to 29.79) and 1.84 (95% CI 1.05 to 3.29), respectively). The interaction between smoking and the STAT4 risk allele resulted in further increase in the risk of MI (OR 2.14 (95% CI 1.01 to 4.62)) and nephritis (OR 1.53 (95% CI 1.08 to 2.17)), with 54% (MI) and 34% (nephritis) of the risk attributable to the interaction. Levels of interleukin-12-induced phosphorylation of STAT4 in CD8+ T cells were higher in smokers than in non-smokers (mean geometric fluorescence intensity 1063 vs 565, p=0.0063). Lastly, the IL12A rs564799 risk allele displayed association with MI in both cohorts (OR 1.53 (95% CI 1.01 to 2.31) and 2.15 (95% CI 1.08 to 4.26), respectively). Conclusions: Smoking in the presence of the STAT4 risk gene variant appears to increase the risk of MI and nephritis in SLE. Our results also highlight the role of the IL12-STAT4 pathway in SLE-cardiovascular morbidity.

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organization
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type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
cardiovascular diseases, genetic, lupus erythematosus, lupus nephritis, polymorphism, smoking, systemic
in
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
volume
80
issue
9
pages
7 pages
publisher
BMJ Publishing Group
external identifiers
  • scopus:85103439119
  • pmid:33766895
ISSN
0003-4967
DOI
10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-219727
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
3a9c75cb-710b-4991-8da2-c893b51beeab
date added to LUP
2021-04-15 08:47:40
date last changed
2024-06-15 09:57:25
@article{3a9c75cb-710b-4991-8da2-c893b51beeab,
  abstract     = {{<p>Objective: To investigate how genetics influence the risk of smoking-related systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) manifestations. Methods: Patients with SLE (ndiscovery cohort=776, nreplication cohort=836) were genotyped using the 200K Immunochip single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) Array (Illumina) and a custom array. Sixty SNPs with SLE association (p&lt;5.0×10-8) were analysed. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) activation was assessed in in vitro stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy controls (n=45). Results: In the discovery cohort, smoking was associated with myocardial infarction (MI) (OR 1.96 (95% CI 1.09 to 3.55)), with a greater effect in patients carrying any rs11889341 STAT4 risk allele (OR 2.72 (95% CI 1.24 to 6.00)) or two risk alleles (OR 8.27 (95% CI 1.48 to 46.27)). Smokers carrying the risk allele also displayed an increased risk of nephritis (OR 1.47 (95% CI 1.06 to 2.03)). In the replication cohort, the high risk of MI in smokers carrying the risk allele and the association between the STAT4 risk allele and nephritis in smokers were confirmed (OR 6.19 (95% CI 1.29 to 29.79) and 1.84 (95% CI 1.05 to 3.29), respectively). The interaction between smoking and the STAT4 risk allele resulted in further increase in the risk of MI (OR 2.14 (95% CI 1.01 to 4.62)) and nephritis (OR 1.53 (95% CI 1.08 to 2.17)), with 54% (MI) and 34% (nephritis) of the risk attributable to the interaction. Levels of interleukin-12-induced phosphorylation of STAT4 in CD8+ T cells were higher in smokers than in non-smokers (mean geometric fluorescence intensity 1063 vs 565, p=0.0063). Lastly, the IL12A rs564799 risk allele displayed association with MI in both cohorts (OR 1.53 (95% CI 1.01 to 2.31) and 2.15 (95% CI 1.08 to 4.26), respectively). Conclusions: Smoking in the presence of the STAT4 risk gene variant appears to increase the risk of MI and nephritis in SLE. Our results also highlight the role of the IL12-STAT4 pathway in SLE-cardiovascular morbidity.</p>}},
  author       = {{Reid, Sarah and Hagberg, Niklas and Sandling, Johanna K. and Alexsson, Andrei and Pucholt, Pascal and Sjöwall, Christopher and Lerang, Karoline and Jönsen, Andreas and Gunnarsson, Iva and Syvänen, Ann Christine and Troldborg, Anne Margrethe and Voss, Anne and Bengtsson, Anders A. and Molberg, Øyvind and Jacobsen, Søren and Svenungsson, Elisabet and Rönnblom, Lars and Leonard, Dag}},
  issn         = {{0003-4967}},
  keywords     = {{cardiovascular diseases; genetic; lupus erythematosus; lupus nephritis; polymorphism; smoking; systemic}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{09}},
  number       = {{9}},
  pages        = {{1183--1189}},
  publisher    = {{BMJ Publishing Group}},
  series       = {{Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases}},
  title        = {{Interaction between the STAT4 rs11889341(T) risk allele and smoking confers increased risk of myocardial infarction and nephritis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-219727}},
  doi          = {{10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-219727}},
  volume       = {{80}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}