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Droop control strategy of a hybrid SEPIC-Cuk converter for bipolar DC microgrid-assisted charging infrastructures

Al-Hysam, Abdullah LU orcid ; Ali, Zaid ; Rivera, Sebastian ; Raisz, Dávid ; Domingues, Gabriel LU ; Collins, Max LU and Alaküla, Mats LU orcid (2026) In Energy Conversion and Management: X 32.
Abstract
This paper presents a virtual resistance-based droop control strategy for parallel hybrid SEPIC-Cuk bipolar DC-DC converters used as modular PV interfaces in bipolar DC microgrid-assisted charging infrastructures. Each module produces positive and negative bus voltages from a low-voltage DC source, while virtual resistance adjusts its current contribution without high-bandwidth communication. Steady-state relations are used to size the passive components, and a hierarchical droop controller comprising cascaded outer-voltage, inner-voltage, and inner-current loops is implemented. The strategy is validated using two parallel, downscaled converter modules at a total operating power of 400 W. For input voltages between 40 and 75 V and bipolar... (More)
This paper presents a virtual resistance-based droop control strategy for parallel hybrid SEPIC-Cuk bipolar DC-DC converters used as modular PV interfaces in bipolar DC microgrid-assisted charging infrastructures. Each module produces positive and negative bus voltages from a low-voltage DC source, while virtual resistance adjusts its current contribution without high-bandwidth communication. Steady-state relations are used to size the passive components, and a hierarchical droop controller comprising cascaded outer-voltage, inner-voltage, and inner-current loops is implemented. The strategy is validated using two parallel, downscaled converter modules at a total operating power of 400 W. For input voltages between 40 and 75 V and bipolar voltage references up to ± 100 V, the experiments show a predictable redistribution of the pole currents when the virtual resistances are varied, while the bipolar output voltages remain regulated during disturbances in the reference and source voltages. The results establish the feasibility of decentralized current sharing for this converter as a PV-to-bipolar bus interface. That said, application-rated efficiency, scalability, and coordination with MPPT remain topics for further work. (Less)
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author
; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Bipolar DC microgrid, Charging infrastructure, Droop control, Photovoltaic interface, Rapid prototyping, Virtual resistance
in
Energy Conversion and Management: X
volume
32
article number
102355
pages
16 pages
publisher
Elsevier
ISSN
2590-1745
DOI
10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.102355
project
Cost-effective and robust charging infrastructure from a site perspective
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
3e236a6d-128f-471e-afa7-2540239e6afc
date added to LUP
2026-10-07 14:50:16
date last changed
2026-10-13 11:11:40
@article{3e236a6d-128f-471e-afa7-2540239e6afc,
  abstract     = {{This paper presents a virtual resistance-based droop control strategy for parallel hybrid SEPIC-Cuk bipolar DC-DC converters used as modular PV interfaces in bipolar DC microgrid-assisted charging infrastructures. Each module produces positive and negative bus voltages from a low-voltage DC source, while virtual resistance adjusts its current contribution without high-bandwidth communication. Steady-state relations are used to size the passive components, and a hierarchical droop controller comprising cascaded outer-voltage, inner-voltage, and inner-current loops is implemented. The strategy is validated using two parallel, downscaled converter modules at a total operating power of 400 W. For input voltages between 40 and 75 V and bipolar voltage references up to ± 100 V, the experiments show a predictable redistribution of the pole currents when the virtual resistances are varied, while the bipolar output voltages remain regulated during disturbances in the reference and source voltages. The results establish the feasibility of decentralized current sharing for this converter as a PV-to-bipolar bus interface. That said, application-rated efficiency, scalability, and coordination with MPPT remain topics for further work.}},
  author       = {{Al-Hysam, Abdullah and Ali, Zaid and Rivera, Sebastian and Raisz, Dávid and Domingues, Gabriel and Collins, Max and Alaküla, Mats}},
  issn         = {{2590-1745}},
  keywords     = {{Bipolar DC microgrid; Charging infrastructure; Droop control; Photovoltaic interface; Rapid prototyping; Virtual resistance}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{10}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{Energy Conversion and Management: X}},
  title        = {{Droop control strategy of a hybrid SEPIC-Cuk converter for bipolar DC microgrid-assisted charging infrastructures}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.102355}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.102355}},
  volume       = {{32}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}