Contribution of indoor-generated particles to residential exposure
Isaxon, Christina LU ; Gudmundsson, Anders LU ; Nordin, Erik LU ; Lönnblad, Leif LU
; Dahl, Andreas
LU
; Wieslander, Gunilla
LU
; Bohgard, Mats
LU
and Wierzbicka, Aneta
LU
(2015)
In Atmospheric Environment
106.
p.458-466
- Abstract
- Abstract The majority of airborne particles in residences, when expressed as number concentrations, are generated by the residents themselves, through combustion/thermal related activities. These particles have a considerably smaller diameter than 2.5 μm and, due to the combination of their small size, chemical composition (e.g. soot) and intermittently very high concentrations, should be regarded as having potential to cause adverse health effects. In this study, time resolved airborne particle measurements were conducted for seven consecutive days in 22 randomly selected homes in the urban area of Lund in southern Sweden. The main purpose of the study was to analyze the influence of human activities on the concentration of particles in... (More)
- Abstract The majority of airborne particles in residences, when expressed as number concentrations, are generated by the residents themselves, through combustion/thermal related activities. These particles have a considerably smaller diameter than 2.5 μm and, due to the combination of their small size, chemical composition (e.g. soot) and intermittently very high concentrations, should be regarded as having potential to cause adverse health effects. In this study, time resolved airborne particle measurements were conducted for seven consecutive days in 22 randomly selected homes in the urban area of Lund in southern Sweden. The main purpose of the study was to analyze the influence of human activities on the concentration of particles in indoor air. Focus was on number concentrations of particles with diameters <300 nm generated by indoor activities, and how these contribute to the integrated daily residential exposure. Correlations between these particles and soot mass concentration in total dust were also investigated. It was found that candle burning and activities related to cooking (using a frying pan, oven, toaster, and their combinations) were the major particle sources. The frequency of occurrence of a given concentration indoors and outdoors was compared for ultrafine particles. Indoor data was sorted into non-occupancy and occupancy time, and the occupancy time was further divided into non-activity and activity influenced time. It was found that high levels (above 104 cmâ3) indoors mainly occur during active periods of occupancy, while the concentration during non-activity influenced time differs very little from non-occupancy time. Total integrated daily residential exposure of ultrafine particles was calculated for 22 homes, the contribution from known activities was 66%, from unknown activities 20%, and from background/non-activity 14%. The collected data also allowed for estimates of particle source strengths for specific activities, and for some activities it was possible to estimate correlations between the number concentration of ultrafine particles and the mass concentration of soot in total dust in 10 homes. Particle source strengths (for 7 specific activities) ranged from 1.6·1012 to 4.5·1012 minâ1. The correlation between ultrafine particles and mass concentration of soot in total dust varied between 0.37 and 0.85, with an average of 0.56 (Pearson correlation coefficient). This study clearly shows that due to the importance of indoor sources, residential exposure to ultrafine particles cannot be characterized by ambient measurements alone. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/4679285
- author
- Isaxon, Christina
LU
; Gudmundsson, Anders
LU
; Nordin, Erik
LU
; Lönnblad, Leif
LU
; Dahl, Andreas
LU
; Wieslander, Gunilla
LU
; Bohgard, Mats
LU
and Wierzbicka, Aneta
LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2015
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Ultrafine particles, Indoor sources, Exposure, Indoor measurements, Soot, Source strength
- in
- Atmospheric Environment
- volume
- 106
- pages
- 458 - 466
- publisher
- Elsevier
- external identifiers
-
- wos:000351966200048
- scopus:84924165042
- ISSN
- 1352-2310
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.07.053
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 423940e8-9f16-4308-bfb1-d7dec3366787 (old id 4679285)
- alternative location
- http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1352231014005834
- date added to LUP
- 2016-04-01 14:15:36
- date last changed
- 2024-04-10 17:53:55
@article{423940e8-9f16-4308-bfb1-d7dec3366787,
abstract = {{Abstract The majority of airborne particles in residences, when expressed as number concentrations, are generated by the residents themselves, through combustion/thermal related activities. These particles have a considerably smaller diameter than 2.5 μm and, due to the combination of their small size, chemical composition (e.g. soot) and intermittently very high concentrations, should be regarded as having potential to cause adverse health effects. In this study, time resolved airborne particle measurements were conducted for seven consecutive days in 22 randomly selected homes in the urban area of Lund in southern Sweden. The main purpose of the study was to analyze the influence of human activities on the concentration of particles in indoor air. Focus was on number concentrations of particles with diameters <300 nm generated by indoor activities, and how these contribute to the integrated daily residential exposure. Correlations between these particles and soot mass concentration in total dust were also investigated. It was found that candle burning and activities related to cooking (using a frying pan, oven, toaster, and their combinations) were the major particle sources. The frequency of occurrence of a given concentration indoors and outdoors was compared for ultrafine particles. Indoor data was sorted into non-occupancy and occupancy time, and the occupancy time was further divided into non-activity and activity influenced time. It was found that high levels (above 104 cmâ3) indoors mainly occur during active periods of occupancy, while the concentration during non-activity influenced time differs very little from non-occupancy time. Total integrated daily residential exposure of ultrafine particles was calculated for 22 homes, the contribution from known activities was 66%, from unknown activities 20%, and from background/non-activity 14%. The collected data also allowed for estimates of particle source strengths for specific activities, and for some activities it was possible to estimate correlations between the number concentration of ultrafine particles and the mass concentration of soot in total dust in 10 homes. Particle source strengths (for 7 specific activities) ranged from 1.6·1012 to 4.5·1012 minâ1. The correlation between ultrafine particles and mass concentration of soot in total dust varied between 0.37 and 0.85, with an average of 0.56 (Pearson correlation coefficient). This study clearly shows that due to the importance of indoor sources, residential exposure to ultrafine particles cannot be characterized by ambient measurements alone.}},
author = {{Isaxon, Christina and Gudmundsson, Anders and Nordin, Erik and Lönnblad, Leif and Dahl, Andreas and Wieslander, Gunilla and Bohgard, Mats and Wierzbicka, Aneta}},
issn = {{1352-2310}},
keywords = {{Ultrafine particles; Indoor sources; Exposure; Indoor measurements; Soot; Source strength}},
language = {{eng}},
pages = {{458--466}},
publisher = {{Elsevier}},
series = {{Atmospheric Environment}},
title = {{Contribution of indoor-generated particles to residential exposure}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.07.053}},
doi = {{10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.07.053}},
volume = {{106}},
year = {{2015}},
}