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Syndromes of orthostatic intolerance and syncope in young adults

Hamrefors, Viktor LU orcid ; Spahic, Jasmina Medic LU ; Nilsson, David LU ; Senneby, Martin LU ; Sutton, Richard ; Melander, Olle LU orcid and Fedorowski, Artur LU orcid (2017) In Open Heart 4(1).
Abstract

Objective To explore the clinical and neuroendocrine characteristics of syndromes of orthostatic intolerance and syncope in young adults. Methods Two hundred and thirty-six patients aged 18-40 years with orthostatic intolerance and/or syncope were examined by head-up tilt test (HUT). Plasma levels of epinephrine, norepinephrine, renin, C-terminal-pro-arginine-vasopressin (CT-proAVP), C-terminal-endothelin-1 and mid-regional-fragment of pro-atrial-natriuretic-peptide (MR-proANP) were analysed. Patients' history, haemodynamic parameters and plasma biomarkers were related to main diagnoses such as vasovagal syncope (VVS), postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS), orthostatic hypotension (OH) and negative HUT. Results No self-reported symptom... (More)

Objective To explore the clinical and neuroendocrine characteristics of syndromes of orthostatic intolerance and syncope in young adults. Methods Two hundred and thirty-six patients aged 18-40 years with orthostatic intolerance and/or syncope were examined by head-up tilt test (HUT). Plasma levels of epinephrine, norepinephrine, renin, C-terminal-pro-arginine-vasopressin (CT-proAVP), C-terminal-endothelin-1 and mid-regional-fragment of pro-atrial-natriuretic-peptide (MR-proANP) were analysed. Patients' history, haemodynamic parameters and plasma biomarkers were related to main diagnoses such as vasovagal syncope (VVS), postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS), orthostatic hypotension (OH) and negative HUT. Results No self-reported symptom of orthostatic intolerance was highly specific for any diagnosis. Patients with VVS (n=103) were more likely to be men (p=0.011) and had lower resting heart rate (HR; 66±11) compared with POTS (73±11; n=72; p=0.001) and negative HUT (74±11; n=39; p=0.001). Patients with POTS demonstrated greater rise in norepinephrine (p=0.008) and CT-proAVP (p=0.033) on standing compared with negative HUT, and lower resting MR-proANP compared with VVS (p=0.04) and OH (p=0.03). Patients with OH had lower resting renin (p=0.03). Subjects with a resting HR <70 and MR-proANP >45 pm/L had an OR of 3.99 (95 % CI 1.68 to 9.52; p=0.002) for VVS compared with subjects without any of these criteria; if male sex was added the OR was 21.8 (95% CI 3.99 to 119; p<0.001). Conclusions Syndromes of orthostatic intolerance and syncope share many characteristics in younger persons. However, patients with VVS are more likely to be men, have lower HR and higher MR-proANP at rest compared with POTS, which might be taken into account at an early stage of evaluation.

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author
; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
ARRHYTHMIAS, SYNCOPE, TILT TABLE TESTING
in
Open Heart
volume
4
issue
1
article number
e000585
publisher
BMJ Publishing Group
external identifiers
  • scopus:85019355808
  • pmid:28674628
ISSN
2053-3624
DOI
10.1136/openhrt-2016-000585
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
43b1234a-c9b3-4e8d-be49-ae6c2cd280ff
date added to LUP
2017-06-08 14:41:22
date last changed
2024-03-31 09:22:55
@article{43b1234a-c9b3-4e8d-be49-ae6c2cd280ff,
  abstract     = {{<p>Objective To explore the clinical and neuroendocrine characteristics of syndromes of orthostatic intolerance and syncope in young adults. Methods Two hundred and thirty-six patients aged 18-40 years with orthostatic intolerance and/or syncope were examined by head-up tilt test (HUT). Plasma levels of epinephrine, norepinephrine, renin, C-terminal-pro-arginine-vasopressin (CT-proAVP), C-terminal-endothelin-1 and mid-regional-fragment of pro-atrial-natriuretic-peptide (MR-proANP) were analysed. Patients' history, haemodynamic parameters and plasma biomarkers were related to main diagnoses such as vasovagal syncope (VVS), postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS), orthostatic hypotension (OH) and negative HUT. Results No self-reported symptom of orthostatic intolerance was highly specific for any diagnosis. Patients with VVS (n=103) were more likely to be men (p=0.011) and had lower resting heart rate (HR; 66±11) compared with POTS (73±11; n=72; p=0.001) and negative HUT (74±11; n=39; p=0.001). Patients with POTS demonstrated greater rise in norepinephrine (p=0.008) and CT-proAVP (p=0.033) on standing compared with negative HUT, and lower resting MR-proANP compared with VVS (p=0.04) and OH (p=0.03). Patients with OH had lower resting renin (p=0.03). Subjects with a resting HR &lt;70 and MR-proANP &gt;45 pm/L had an OR of 3.99 (95 % CI 1.68 to 9.52; p=0.002) for VVS compared with subjects without any of these criteria; if male sex was added the OR was 21.8 (95% CI 3.99 to 119; p&lt;0.001). Conclusions Syndromes of orthostatic intolerance and syncope share many characteristics in younger persons. However, patients with VVS are more likely to be men, have lower HR and higher MR-proANP at rest compared with POTS, which might be taken into account at an early stage of evaluation.</p>}},
  author       = {{Hamrefors, Viktor and Spahic, Jasmina Medic and Nilsson, David and Senneby, Martin and Sutton, Richard and Melander, Olle and Fedorowski, Artur}},
  issn         = {{2053-3624}},
  keywords     = {{ARRHYTHMIAS; SYNCOPE; TILT TABLE TESTING}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{05}},
  number       = {{1}},
  publisher    = {{BMJ Publishing Group}},
  series       = {{Open Heart}},
  title        = {{Syndromes of orthostatic intolerance and syncope in young adults}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2016-000585}},
  doi          = {{10.1136/openhrt-2016-000585}},
  volume       = {{4}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}