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Impact of ischaemic heart disease severity and age on risk of cardiovascular outcome in diabetes patients in Sweden : A nationwide observational study

Jernberg, Tomas ; Lindholm, Daniel ; Hasvold, Lars Pål ; Svennblad, Bodil ; Bodegård, Johan ; Sundell Andersson, Karolina ; Thuresson, Marcus ; Erlinge, David LU orcid and Janzon, Magnus (2019) In BMJ Open 9(4).
Abstract

Objectives To compare short-term cardiovascular (CV) outcome in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients without ischaemic heart disease (IHD), with IHD but no prior myocardial infarction (MI), and those with prior MI; and assess the impact on risk of age when initiating first-time glucose-lowering drug (GLD). Design Cohort study linking morbidity, mortality and medication data from Swedish national registries. Participants First-time users of GLD during 2007-2016. Outcomes Predicted cumulative incidence for the CV outcome (MI, stroke and CV mortality) was estimated. A Cox model was developed where age at GLD start and CV risk was modelled. Results 260 070 first-time GLD users were included, 221 226 (85%) had no IHD, 16 294 (6%) had stable... (More)

Objectives To compare short-term cardiovascular (CV) outcome in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients without ischaemic heart disease (IHD), with IHD but no prior myocardial infarction (MI), and those with prior MI; and assess the impact on risk of age when initiating first-time glucose-lowering drug (GLD). Design Cohort study linking morbidity, mortality and medication data from Swedish national registries. Participants First-time users of GLD during 2007-2016. Outcomes Predicted cumulative incidence for the CV outcome (MI, stroke and CV mortality) was estimated. A Cox model was developed where age at GLD start and CV risk was modelled. Results 260 070 first-time GLD users were included, 221 226 (85%) had no IHD, 16 294 (6%) had stable IHD-prior MI and 22 550 (9%) had IHD+MI. T2D patients without IHD had a lower risk of CV outcome compared with the IHD populations (±prior MI), (3-year incidence 4.78% vs 5.85% and 8.04%). The difference in CV outcome was primarily driven by a relative greater MI risk among the IHD patients. For T2D patients without IHD, an almost linear association between age at start of GLD and relative risk was observed, whereas in IHD patients, the younger (<60 years) patients had a relative greater risk compared with older patients. Conclusions T2D patients without IHD had a lower risk of the CV outcome compared with the T2D populations with IHD, primarily driven by a greater risk of MI. For T2D patients without IHD, an almost linear association between age at start of GLD and relative risk was observed, whereas in IHD patients, the younger patients had a relative greater risk compared with older patients. Our findings suggest that intense risk prevention should be the key strategy in the management of T2D patients, especially for younger patients.

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author
; ; ; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
cardiac epidemiology, coronary heart disease, general diabetes
in
BMJ Open
volume
9
issue
4
article number
e027199
publisher
BMJ Publishing Group
external identifiers
  • scopus:85063879712
  • pmid:30948612
ISSN
2044-6055
DOI
10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027199
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
44bdc3e9-850e-4de4-b8a2-6323dd0651cc
date added to LUP
2019-04-23 13:05:34
date last changed
2024-03-03 01:20:37
@article{44bdc3e9-850e-4de4-b8a2-6323dd0651cc,
  abstract     = {{<p>Objectives To compare short-term cardiovascular (CV) outcome in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients without ischaemic heart disease (IHD), with IHD but no prior myocardial infarction (MI), and those with prior MI; and assess the impact on risk of age when initiating first-time glucose-lowering drug (GLD). Design Cohort study linking morbidity, mortality and medication data from Swedish national registries. Participants First-time users of GLD during 2007-2016. Outcomes Predicted cumulative incidence for the CV outcome (MI, stroke and CV mortality) was estimated. A Cox model was developed where age at GLD start and CV risk was modelled. Results 260 070 first-time GLD users were included, 221 226 (85%) had no IHD, 16 294 (6%) had stable IHD-prior MI and 22 550 (9%) had IHD+MI. T2D patients without IHD had a lower risk of CV outcome compared with the IHD populations (±prior MI), (3-year incidence 4.78% vs 5.85% and 8.04%). The difference in CV outcome was primarily driven by a relative greater MI risk among the IHD patients. For T2D patients without IHD, an almost linear association between age at start of GLD and relative risk was observed, whereas in IHD patients, the younger (&lt;60 years) patients had a relative greater risk compared with older patients. Conclusions T2D patients without IHD had a lower risk of the CV outcome compared with the T2D populations with IHD, primarily driven by a greater risk of MI. For T2D patients without IHD, an almost linear association between age at start of GLD and relative risk was observed, whereas in IHD patients, the younger patients had a relative greater risk compared with older patients. Our findings suggest that intense risk prevention should be the key strategy in the management of T2D patients, especially for younger patients.</p>}},
  author       = {{Jernberg, Tomas and Lindholm, Daniel and Hasvold, Lars Pål and Svennblad, Bodil and Bodegård, Johan and Sundell Andersson, Karolina and Thuresson, Marcus and Erlinge, David and Janzon, Magnus}},
  issn         = {{2044-6055}},
  keywords     = {{cardiac epidemiology; coronary heart disease; general diabetes}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{4}},
  publisher    = {{BMJ Publishing Group}},
  series       = {{BMJ Open}},
  title        = {{Impact of ischaemic heart disease severity and age on risk of cardiovascular outcome in diabetes patients in Sweden : A nationwide observational study}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027199}},
  doi          = {{10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027199}},
  volume       = {{9}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}