Phase Behavior of Bicontinuous and Water/Diesel Fuel Microemulsions Using Nonionic Surfactants Combined with Hydrophilic Alcohol Ethoxylates
(2015) In Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology 36(1). p.10-17- Abstract
- Bicontinuous and water-in-diesel microemulsions were formulated using single nonionic alkyl poly glycol ethers combined with hydrophilic alcohol ethoxylates. The phase behavior at temperatures ranging from 0 degrees C to 50 degrees C was investigated. Visual inspection as well as cross-polarizers were used to detect anisotropy. The fish phase diagrams were determined. The presence of the hydrophilic alcohol ethoxylates was necessary to initiate both types of microemulsions. Increasing the hydrophobic chain length of the surfactant led to a wider range of temperature stability at lower surfactant concentration. Meanwhile, increasing the ethylene oxide units in the headgroup by two units led to a phase diagram that is dominated by lyotropic... (More)
- Bicontinuous and water-in-diesel microemulsions were formulated using single nonionic alkyl poly glycol ethers combined with hydrophilic alcohol ethoxylates. The phase behavior at temperatures ranging from 0 degrees C to 50 degrees C was investigated. Visual inspection as well as cross-polarizers were used to detect anisotropy. The fish phase diagrams were determined. The presence of the hydrophilic alcohol ethoxylates was necessary to initiate both types of microemulsions. Increasing the hydrophobic chain length of the surfactant led to a wider range of temperature stability at lower surfactant concentration. Meanwhile, increasing the ethylene oxide units in the headgroup by two units led to a phase diagram that is dominated by lyotropic liquid crystal. The formulated water in diesel microemulsions were tested experimentally in a 4-cylinder diesel engine. From this it is observed that the emissions of NOx, soot, and CO2 were reduced substantially compared to neat diesel, while for the CO the reduction occurs just at low load. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/4699574
- author
- Kayali, Ibrahim ; Karaein, Mohammad ; Qamhieh, Khawla ; Wadaah, Salam ; Ahmad, Wisam and Olsson, Ulf LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2015
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Alternative fuel, diesel, emissions, microemulsion, phase behavior
- in
- Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology
- volume
- 36
- issue
- 1
- pages
- 10 - 17
- publisher
- Taylor & Francis
- external identifiers
-
- wos:000342206600002
- scopus:84907487523
- ISSN
- 0193-2691
- DOI
- 10.1080/01932691.2014.886513
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 21b091cb-c89c-45ea-80c7-d54c3e58b47a (old id 4699574)
- date added to LUP
- 2016-04-01 14:22:39
- date last changed
- 2022-04-22 02:56:46
@article{21b091cb-c89c-45ea-80c7-d54c3e58b47a,
abstract = {{Bicontinuous and water-in-diesel microemulsions were formulated using single nonionic alkyl poly glycol ethers combined with hydrophilic alcohol ethoxylates. The phase behavior at temperatures ranging from 0 degrees C to 50 degrees C was investigated. Visual inspection as well as cross-polarizers were used to detect anisotropy. The fish phase diagrams were determined. The presence of the hydrophilic alcohol ethoxylates was necessary to initiate both types of microemulsions. Increasing the hydrophobic chain length of the surfactant led to a wider range of temperature stability at lower surfactant concentration. Meanwhile, increasing the ethylene oxide units in the headgroup by two units led to a phase diagram that is dominated by lyotropic liquid crystal. The formulated water in diesel microemulsions were tested experimentally in a 4-cylinder diesel engine. From this it is observed that the emissions of NOx, soot, and CO2 were reduced substantially compared to neat diesel, while for the CO the reduction occurs just at low load.}},
author = {{Kayali, Ibrahim and Karaein, Mohammad and Qamhieh, Khawla and Wadaah, Salam and Ahmad, Wisam and Olsson, Ulf}},
issn = {{0193-2691}},
keywords = {{Alternative fuel; diesel; emissions; microemulsion; phase behavior}},
language = {{eng}},
number = {{1}},
pages = {{10--17}},
publisher = {{Taylor & Francis}},
series = {{Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology}},
title = {{Phase Behavior of Bicontinuous and Water/Diesel Fuel Microemulsions Using Nonionic Surfactants Combined with Hydrophilic Alcohol Ethoxylates}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01932691.2014.886513}},
doi = {{10.1080/01932691.2014.886513}},
volume = {{36}},
year = {{2015}},
}