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Epigenetics of type 2 diabetes mellitus and weight change — a tool for precision medicine?

Ling, Charlotte LU orcid ; Bacos, Karl LU orcid and Rönn, Tina LU (2022) In Nature Reviews Endocrinology 18(7). p.433-448
Abstract

Pioneering studies performed over the past few decades demonstrate links between epigenetics and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the metabolic disorder with the most rapidly increasing prevalence in the world. Importantly, these studies identified epigenetic modifications, including altered DNA methylation, in pancreatic islets, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and the liver from individuals with T2DM. As non-genetic factors that affect the risk of T2DM, such as obesity, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, ageing and the intrauterine environment, have been associated with epigenetic modifications in healthy individuals, epigenetics probably also contributes to T2DM development. In addition, genetic factors associated with T2DM and... (More)

Pioneering studies performed over the past few decades demonstrate links between epigenetics and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the metabolic disorder with the most rapidly increasing prevalence in the world. Importantly, these studies identified epigenetic modifications, including altered DNA methylation, in pancreatic islets, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and the liver from individuals with T2DM. As non-genetic factors that affect the risk of T2DM, such as obesity, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, ageing and the intrauterine environment, have been associated with epigenetic modifications in healthy individuals, epigenetics probably also contributes to T2DM development. In addition, genetic factors associated with T2DM and obesity affect the epigenome in human tissues. Notably, causal mediation analyses found DNA methylation to be a potential mediator of genetic associations with metabolic traits and disease. In the past few years, translational studies have identified blood-based epigenetic markers that might be further developed and used for precision medicine to help patients with T2DM receive optimal therapy and to identify patients at risk of complications. This Review focuses on epigenetic mechanisms in the development of T2DM and the regulation of body weight in humans, with a special focus on precision medicine.

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Contribution to journal
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published
subject
in
Nature Reviews Endocrinology
volume
18
issue
7
pages
433 - 448
publisher
Nature Publishing Group
external identifiers
  • pmid:35513492
  • scopus:85129347422
ISSN
1759-5029
DOI
10.1038/s41574-022-00671-w
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
Funding Information: The authors’ research is supported by grants from the Swedish research council, Exodiab (2009-1039), Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research for IRC15-0067, the Diabetes Foundation, the European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes, the European Research Council (Paintbox), Region Skåne (ALF), the Novo Nordisk foundation, Påhlsson foundation, the EFSD/NNF and the Crafoord foundation. Publisher Copyright: © 2022, Springer Nature Limited.
id
47d7414e-f248-44de-b97f-e8971109ae0c
date added to LUP
2022-05-24 11:24:10
date last changed
2025-01-24 12:08:07
@article{47d7414e-f248-44de-b97f-e8971109ae0c,
  abstract     = {{<p>Pioneering studies performed over the past few decades demonstrate links between epigenetics and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the metabolic disorder with the most rapidly increasing prevalence in the world. Importantly, these studies identified epigenetic modifications, including altered DNA methylation, in pancreatic islets, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and the liver from individuals with T2DM. As non-genetic factors that affect the risk of T2DM, such as obesity, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, ageing and the intrauterine environment, have been associated with epigenetic modifications in healthy individuals, epigenetics probably also contributes to T2DM development. In addition, genetic factors associated with T2DM and obesity affect the epigenome in human tissues. Notably, causal mediation analyses found DNA methylation to be a potential mediator of genetic associations with metabolic traits and disease. In the past few years, translational studies have identified blood-based epigenetic markers that might be further developed and used for precision medicine to help patients with T2DM receive optimal therapy and to identify patients at risk of complications. This Review focuses on epigenetic mechanisms in the development of T2DM and the regulation of body weight in humans, with a special focus on precision medicine.</p>}},
  author       = {{Ling, Charlotte and Bacos, Karl and Rönn, Tina}},
  issn         = {{1759-5029}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{05}},
  number       = {{7}},
  pages        = {{433--448}},
  publisher    = {{Nature Publishing Group}},
  series       = {{Nature Reviews Endocrinology}},
  title        = {{Epigenetics of type 2 diabetes mellitus and weight change — a tool for precision medicine?}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41574-022-00671-w}},
  doi          = {{10.1038/s41574-022-00671-w}},
  volume       = {{18}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}