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Moths are strongly attracted to ultraviolet and blue radiation

Brehm, Gunnar ; Niermann, Julia ; Jaimes Nino, Luisa Maria ; Enseling, David ; Jüstel, Thomas ; Axmacher, Jan Christoph ; Warrant, Eric LU orcid and Fiedler, Konrad (2021) In Insect Conservation and Diversity 14(2). p.188-198
Abstract

We carried out three choice experiments with 6116 nocturnal lepidopteran individuals (95 species, 7 families, 32 075 counts), each replicated 105 times during the seasons of 2 years. Moths were released indoors at the centre of a 10 × 10 m area with different lamps placed at each corner. In experiment 1, lamps emitted ultraviolet (UV) (peak at 365 nm), blue (450 nm), green (520 nm) or cool white (450 and 520 nm) radiation. In experiment 2, UV was replaced by red (640 nm). In experiment 3, we used UV and three mixed radiation lamps of different emission intensities (365–520 nm). We applied a linear mixed effect model to test for differences in attraction to the light sources. Among all counts, 12.2% (males) and 9.2% (females) were... (More)

We carried out three choice experiments with 6116 nocturnal lepidopteran individuals (95 species, 7 families, 32 075 counts), each replicated 105 times during the seasons of 2 years. Moths were released indoors at the centre of a 10 × 10 m area with different lamps placed at each corner. In experiment 1, lamps emitted ultraviolet (UV) (peak at 365 nm), blue (450 nm), green (520 nm) or cool white (450 and 520 nm) radiation. In experiment 2, UV was replaced by red (640 nm). In experiment 3, we used UV and three mixed radiation lamps of different emission intensities (365–520 nm). We applied a linear mixed effect model to test for differences in attraction to the light sources. Among all counts, 12.2% (males) and 9.2% (females) were attracted to a lamp. Among the lamp counts, 84% were made at the UV lamp in experiment 1. In experiment 2, 63% of the counts were made at the blue lamp. In experiment 3, most counts were made at the strongest mixed radiation lamp (31%), and the UV lamp (28%). Patterns were generally similar across Lepidopteran families, and for both sexes. Moths are clearly preferentially attracted to short-wave radiation. Even small quantities of UV radiation, emitted, for example, by metal halide lamps and certain mercury vapour tubes, will disproportionately contribute to light pollution. Since blue light also attracts moths strongly, lamps with a low proportion of blue light should be given priority in lighting planning.

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author
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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Arthropods, conservation, insect decline, Lepidoptera, light pollution, phototaxis
in
Insect Conservation and Diversity
volume
14
issue
2
pages
11 pages
publisher
Wiley-Blackwell
external identifiers
  • scopus:85102687760
ISSN
1752-458X
DOI
10.1111/icad.12476
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
48c6100e-5319-4ff1-8881-7ebbda5f4f44
date added to LUP
2021-03-31 10:41:51
date last changed
2022-06-29 11:16:55
@article{48c6100e-5319-4ff1-8881-7ebbda5f4f44,
  abstract     = {{<p>We carried out three choice experiments with 6116 nocturnal lepidopteran individuals (95 species, 7 families, 32 075 counts), each replicated 105 times during the seasons of 2 years. Moths were released indoors at the centre of a 10 × 10 m area with different lamps placed at each corner. In experiment 1, lamps emitted ultraviolet (UV) (peak at 365 nm), blue (450 nm), green (520 nm) or cool white (450 and 520 nm) radiation. In experiment 2, UV was replaced by red (640 nm). In experiment 3, we used UV and three mixed radiation lamps of different emission intensities (365–520 nm). We applied a linear mixed effect model to test for differences in attraction to the light sources. Among all counts, 12.2% (males) and 9.2% (females) were attracted to a lamp. Among the lamp counts, 84% were made at the UV lamp in experiment 1. In experiment 2, 63% of the counts were made at the blue lamp. In experiment 3, most counts were made at the strongest mixed radiation lamp (31%), and the UV lamp (28%). Patterns were generally similar across Lepidopteran families, and for both sexes. Moths are clearly preferentially attracted to short-wave radiation. Even small quantities of UV radiation, emitted, for example, by metal halide lamps and certain mercury vapour tubes, will disproportionately contribute to light pollution. Since blue light also attracts moths strongly, lamps with a low proportion of blue light should be given priority in lighting planning.</p>}},
  author       = {{Brehm, Gunnar and Niermann, Julia and Jaimes Nino, Luisa Maria and Enseling, David and Jüstel, Thomas and Axmacher, Jan Christoph and Warrant, Eric and Fiedler, Konrad}},
  issn         = {{1752-458X}},
  keywords     = {{Arthropods; conservation; insect decline; Lepidoptera; light pollution; phototaxis}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{2}},
  pages        = {{188--198}},
  publisher    = {{Wiley-Blackwell}},
  series       = {{Insect Conservation and Diversity}},
  title        = {{Moths are strongly attracted to ultraviolet and blue radiation}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/icad.12476}},
  doi          = {{10.1111/icad.12476}},
  volume       = {{14}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}