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Neuronal Replacement in Stem Cell Therapy for Stroke : Filling the Gap

Palma-Tortosa, Sara LU ; Coll-San Martin, Berta ; Kokaia, Zaal LU orcid and Tornero, Daniel LU (2021) In Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology 9.
Abstract

Stem cell therapy using human skin-derived neural precursors holds much promise for the treatment of stroke patients. Two main mechanisms have been proposed to give rise to the improved recovery in animal models of stroke after transplantation of these cells. First, the so called by-stander effect, which could modulate the environment during early phases after brain tissue damage, resulting in moderate improvements in the outcome of the insult. Second, the neuronal replacement and functional integration of grafted cells into the impaired brain circuitry, which will result in optimum long-term structural and functional repair. Recently developed sophisticated research tools like optogenetic control of neuronal activity and rabies virus... (More)

Stem cell therapy using human skin-derived neural precursors holds much promise for the treatment of stroke patients. Two main mechanisms have been proposed to give rise to the improved recovery in animal models of stroke after transplantation of these cells. First, the so called by-stander effect, which could modulate the environment during early phases after brain tissue damage, resulting in moderate improvements in the outcome of the insult. Second, the neuronal replacement and functional integration of grafted cells into the impaired brain circuitry, which will result in optimum long-term structural and functional repair. Recently developed sophisticated research tools like optogenetic control of neuronal activity and rabies virus monosynaptic tracing, among others, have made it possible to provide solid evidence about the functional integration of grafted cells and its contribution to improved recovery in animal models of brain damage. Moreover, previous clinical trials in patients with Parkinson’s Disease represent a proof of principle that stem cell-based neuronal replacement could work in humans. Our studies with in vivo and ex vivo transplantation of human skin-derived cells neurons in animal model of stroke and organotypic cultures of adult human cortex, respectively, also support the hypothesis that human somatic cells reprogrammed into neurons can get integrated in the human lesioned neuronal circuitry. In the present short review, we summarized our data and recent studies from other groups supporting the above hypothesis and opening new avenues for development of the future clinical applications.

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author
; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
cell replacement, functional integration, neural stem cells, stem cell therapy, stroke
in
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
volume
9
article number
662636
publisher
Frontiers Media S. A.
external identifiers
  • scopus:85104680128
  • pmid:33889578
ISSN
2296-634X
DOI
10.3389/fcell.2021.662636
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
4e3c81c4-1eb9-40f1-8c9d-8243ee3016f6
date added to LUP
2021-05-03 14:09:03
date last changed
2024-06-16 13:15:06
@article{4e3c81c4-1eb9-40f1-8c9d-8243ee3016f6,
  abstract     = {{<p>Stem cell therapy using human skin-derived neural precursors holds much promise for the treatment of stroke patients. Two main mechanisms have been proposed to give rise to the improved recovery in animal models of stroke after transplantation of these cells. First, the so called by-stander effect, which could modulate the environment during early phases after brain tissue damage, resulting in moderate improvements in the outcome of the insult. Second, the neuronal replacement and functional integration of grafted cells into the impaired brain circuitry, which will result in optimum long-term structural and functional repair. Recently developed sophisticated research tools like optogenetic control of neuronal activity and rabies virus monosynaptic tracing, among others, have made it possible to provide solid evidence about the functional integration of grafted cells and its contribution to improved recovery in animal models of brain damage. Moreover, previous clinical trials in patients with Parkinson’s Disease represent a proof of principle that stem cell-based neuronal replacement could work in humans. Our studies with in vivo and ex vivo transplantation of human skin-derived cells neurons in animal model of stroke and organotypic cultures of adult human cortex, respectively, also support the hypothesis that human somatic cells reprogrammed into neurons can get integrated in the human lesioned neuronal circuitry. In the present short review, we summarized our data and recent studies from other groups supporting the above hypothesis and opening new avenues for development of the future clinical applications.</p>}},
  author       = {{Palma-Tortosa, Sara and Coll-San Martin, Berta and Kokaia, Zaal and Tornero, Daniel}},
  issn         = {{2296-634X}},
  keywords     = {{cell replacement; functional integration; neural stem cells; stem cell therapy; stroke}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Frontiers Media S. A.}},
  series       = {{Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology}},
  title        = {{Neuronal Replacement in Stem Cell Therapy for Stroke : Filling the Gap}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.662636}},
  doi          = {{10.3389/fcell.2021.662636}},
  volume       = {{9}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}