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Assessing the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks of metals in the drinking water of Isfahan, Iran

Moradnia, Maryam LU ; Attar, Hossein Movahedian ; Hajizadeh, Yaghoub ; Lundh, Thomas LU ; Salari, Mehdi and Darvishmotevalli, Mohammad (2024) In Scientific Reports 14(1).
Abstract

Metals are significant contributors to water pollution, posing serious threats to human health. This study aims to assess the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks associated with metals in Isfahan drinking water. Eighty water samples were randomly collected from the city's distribution network between January and March 2020–2021. Inductively coupled plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry was used to measure toxic metals, namely Pb, Cr, Cd, Ni, and As concentrations. Results revealed that the mean concentration of Ni (70.03 µg/L) exceeded the WHO reference value (70 µg/L), while the other metals were below the standard values. The average chronic daily intake order of toxic metals was Ni > Cr > Pb > As > Cd.... (More)

Metals are significant contributors to water pollution, posing serious threats to human health. This study aims to assess the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks associated with metals in Isfahan drinking water. Eighty water samples were randomly collected from the city's distribution network between January and March 2020–2021. Inductively coupled plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry was used to measure toxic metals, namely Pb, Cr, Cd, Ni, and As concentrations. Results revealed that the mean concentration of Ni (70.03 µg/L) exceeded the WHO reference value (70 µg/L), while the other metals were below the standard values. The average chronic daily intake order of toxic metals was Ni > Cr > Pb > As > Cd. Non-carcinogenic risk assessment through hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) demonstrated that both THI for adults (HQingestion + HQdermal = 4.02E−03) and THI for children (HIingestion + HIdermal = 3.83E−03) were below the acceptable limit (less than 1). This indicated no non-carcinogenic risk to residents through water ingestion or dermal exposure. However, findings indicated that the ingestion route was the primary exposure pathway, with HQ values for ingestion exceeding HQ values for dermal adsorption. Carcinogenic risk assessment showed that the risk associated with As metal exceeded the acceptable limit (1 × 10−6). Therefore, implementing treatment improvement programs and appropriate control measures is essential to safeguard the health of Isfahan City residents.

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author
; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Carcinogenic risk, Drinking water, Non-carcinogenic risk, Toxic metals
in
Scientific Reports
volume
14
issue
1
article number
5029
publisher
Nature Publishing Group
external identifiers
  • pmid:38424133
  • scopus:85186317695
ISSN
2045-2322
DOI
10.1038/s41598-024-55615-3
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
4e5b7b41-0a8b-4d55-9f6c-bbd1c98710ff
date added to LUP
2024-03-14 10:55:44
date last changed
2024-04-25 07:32:50
@article{4e5b7b41-0a8b-4d55-9f6c-bbd1c98710ff,
  abstract     = {{<p>Metals are significant contributors to water pollution, posing serious threats to human health. This study aims to assess the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks associated with metals in Isfahan drinking water. Eighty water samples were randomly collected from the city's distribution network between January and March 2020–2021. Inductively coupled plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry was used to measure toxic metals, namely Pb, Cr, Cd, Ni, and As concentrations. Results revealed that the mean concentration of Ni (70.03 µg/L) exceeded the WHO reference value (70 µg/L), while the other metals were below the standard values. The average chronic daily intake order of toxic metals was Ni &gt; Cr &gt; Pb &gt; As &gt; Cd. Non-carcinogenic risk assessment through hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) demonstrated that both THI for adults (HQ<sub>ingestion</sub> + HQ<sub>dermal</sub> = 4.02E−03) and THI for children (HI<sub>ingestion</sub> + HI<sub>dermal</sub> = 3.83E−03) were below the acceptable limit (less than 1). This indicated no non-carcinogenic risk to residents through water ingestion or dermal exposure. However, findings indicated that the ingestion route was the primary exposure pathway, with HQ values for ingestion exceeding HQ values for dermal adsorption. Carcinogenic risk assessment showed that the risk associated with As metal exceeded the acceptable limit (1 × 10<sup>−6</sup>). Therefore, implementing treatment improvement programs and appropriate control measures is essential to safeguard the health of Isfahan City residents.</p>}},
  author       = {{Moradnia, Maryam and Attar, Hossein Movahedian and Hajizadeh, Yaghoub and Lundh, Thomas and Salari, Mehdi and Darvishmotevalli, Mohammad}},
  issn         = {{2045-2322}},
  keywords     = {{Carcinogenic risk; Drinking water; Non-carcinogenic risk; Toxic metals}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{1}},
  publisher    = {{Nature Publishing Group}},
  series       = {{Scientific Reports}},
  title        = {{Assessing the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks of metals in the drinking water of Isfahan, Iran}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-55615-3}},
  doi          = {{10.1038/s41598-024-55615-3}},
  volume       = {{14}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}