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Real-world adoption of the 2023 European Society of Cardiology guidelines regarding antiplatelet strategies in acute coronary syndromes : Insights from the European READAPT-2 survey

Angiolillo, Dominick J. ; Erlinge, David LU orcid ; Gale, Chris P. ; Gorog, Diana A. ; Ibañez, Borja ; Musumeci, Giuseppe and Valgimigli, Marco (2026) In International Journal of Cardiology 453.
Abstract

Background The 2023 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines for acute coronary syndromes (ACS) maintained a Class III recommendation against routine pretreatment with oral P2Y12 inhibitors in non-ST-segment elevation ACS (NSTE-ACS) and downgraded pretreatment in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) to Class IIb. This study evaluated real-world uptake of these recommendations across Europe.MethodsREADAPT-2 was a cross-sectional survey conducted one year after the release of the 2023 ESC guideline update, involving 1101 cardiologists from 21 European countries. Data from READAPT-2 were compared with those from the earlier READAPT-1 survey to evaluate temporal trends. The survey collected information on... (More)

Background The 2023 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines for acute coronary syndromes (ACS) maintained a Class III recommendation against routine pretreatment with oral P2Y12 inhibitors in non-ST-segment elevation ACS (NSTE-ACS) and downgraded pretreatment in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) to Class IIb. This study evaluated real-world uptake of these recommendations across Europe.MethodsREADAPT-2 was a cross-sectional survey conducted one year after the release of the 2023 ESC guideline update, involving 1101 cardiologists from 21 European countries. Data from READAPT-2 were compared with those from the earlier READAPT-1 survey to evaluate temporal trends. The survey collected information on physician demographics, hospital characteristics, pretreatment practices, and preferences regarding antiplatelet therapy.ResultsMost respondents (83%) reported adhering to the Class III recommendation against routine pretreatment in NSTE-ACS. Overall, pretreatment rates in NSTE-ACS declined in READAPT-2 compared to READAPT-1, suggesting improved adherence to guideline recommendations. Pretreatment in STEMI was variable, with nearly 25% of respondents reporting routine pretreatment. Ticagrelor remains the most widely used oral P2Y12 inhibitor despite ESC guideline preference for prasugrel for percutaneous coronary intervention. Use of intravenous agents, including cangrelor and GPIIb/IIIa inhibitors, remains limited to around 10% of cases. Overall, there was significant heterogeneity in the implementation of the 2023 ESC recommendations across Europe.ConclusionFindings from READAPT-2 reveal a persistent gap between guideline awareness and clinical practice, highlighting the need for tailored implementation and education strategies to support a broader guideline uptake.

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author
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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Acute coronary syndrome, Antiplatelet therapy, P2Yinhibitors, Pretreatment
in
International Journal of Cardiology
volume
453
article number
134288
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • pmid:41819190
  • scopus:105034117599
ISSN
0167-5273
DOI
10.1016/j.ijcard.2026.134288
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
4f9c047b-3ab3-42c8-9e4c-619b9b9c0e61
date added to LUP
2026-04-28 13:14:06
date last changed
2026-05-26 15:00:01
@article{4f9c047b-3ab3-42c8-9e4c-619b9b9c0e61,
  abstract     = {{<p>Background The 2023 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines for acute coronary syndromes (ACS) maintained a Class III recommendation against routine pretreatment with oral P2Y<sub>12</sub> inhibitors in non-ST-segment elevation ACS (NSTE-ACS) and downgraded pretreatment in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) to Class IIb. This study evaluated real-world uptake of these recommendations across Europe.MethodsREADAPT-2 was a cross-sectional survey conducted one year after the release of the 2023 ESC guideline update, involving 1101 cardiologists from 21 European countries. Data from READAPT-2 were compared with those from the earlier READAPT-1 survey to evaluate temporal trends. The survey collected information on physician demographics, hospital characteristics, pretreatment practices, and preferences regarding antiplatelet therapy.ResultsMost respondents (83%) reported adhering to the Class III recommendation against routine pretreatment in NSTE-ACS. Overall, pretreatment rates in NSTE-ACS declined in READAPT-2 compared to READAPT-1, suggesting improved adherence to guideline recommendations. Pretreatment in STEMI was variable, with nearly 25% of respondents reporting routine pretreatment. Ticagrelor remains the most widely used oral P2Y<sub>12</sub> inhibitor despite ESC guideline preference for prasugrel for percutaneous coronary intervention. Use of intravenous agents, including cangrelor and GPIIb/IIIa inhibitors, remains limited to around 10% of cases. Overall, there was significant heterogeneity in the implementation of the 2023 ESC recommendations across Europe.ConclusionFindings from READAPT-2 reveal a persistent gap between guideline awareness and clinical practice, highlighting the need for tailored implementation and education strategies to support a broader guideline uptake.</p>}},
  author       = {{Angiolillo, Dominick J. and Erlinge, David and Gale, Chris P. and Gorog, Diana A. and Ibañez, Borja and Musumeci, Giuseppe and Valgimigli, Marco}},
  issn         = {{0167-5273}},
  keywords     = {{Acute coronary syndrome; Antiplatelet therapy; P2Yinhibitors; Pretreatment}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{International Journal of Cardiology}},
  title        = {{Real-world adoption of the 2023 European Society of Cardiology guidelines regarding antiplatelet strategies in acute coronary syndromes : Insights from the European READAPT-2 survey}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2026.134288}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.ijcard.2026.134288}},
  volume       = {{453}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}