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Proteoglycans : a common portal for SARS-CoV-2 and extracellular vesicle uptake

Cerezo-Magaña, Myriam LU orcid ; Bång-Rudenstam, Anna LU orcid and Belting, Mattias LU (2023) In American journal of physiology. Cell physiology 324(1). p.76-84
Abstract

As structural components of the glycocalyx, heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are involved in multiple pathophysiological processes at the apex of cell signaling cascades, and as endocytosis receptors for particle structures, such as lipoproteins, extracellular vesicles, and enveloped viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. Given their diversity and complex biogenesis regulation, HSPGs remain understudied. Here we compile some of the latest studies focusing on HSPGs as internalizing receptors of extracellular vesicles ("endogenous virus") and SARS-CoV-2 lipid-enclosed particles and highlight similarities in their biophysical and structural characteristics. Specifically, the similarities in their biogenesis, size, and lipid composition may... (More)

As structural components of the glycocalyx, heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are involved in multiple pathophysiological processes at the apex of cell signaling cascades, and as endocytosis receptors for particle structures, such as lipoproteins, extracellular vesicles, and enveloped viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. Given their diversity and complex biogenesis regulation, HSPGs remain understudied. Here we compile some of the latest studies focusing on HSPGs as internalizing receptors of extracellular vesicles ("endogenous virus") and SARS-CoV-2 lipid-enclosed particles and highlight similarities in their biophysical and structural characteristics. Specifically, the similarities in their biogenesis, size, and lipid composition may explain a common dependence on HSPGs for efficient cell-surface attachment and uptake. We further discuss the relative complexity of extracellular vesicle composition and the viral mechanisms that evolve towards increased infectivity that complicate therapeutic strategies addressing blockade of their uptake.

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author
; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
cancer, COVID-19, extracellular vesicles, proteoglycans, SARS-CoV-2
in
American journal of physiology. Cell physiology
volume
324
issue
1
pages
76 - 84
publisher
American Physiological Society
external identifiers
  • pmid:36458979
  • scopus:85144593895
ISSN
1522-1563
DOI
10.1152/ajpcell.00453.2022
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
5185486f-8727-4463-81ee-41ecaa686e08
date added to LUP
2023-02-03 13:57:38
date last changed
2024-04-18 09:09:23
@article{5185486f-8727-4463-81ee-41ecaa686e08,
  abstract     = {{<p>As structural components of the glycocalyx, heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are involved in multiple pathophysiological processes at the apex of cell signaling cascades, and as endocytosis receptors for particle structures, such as lipoproteins, extracellular vesicles, and enveloped viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. Given their diversity and complex biogenesis regulation, HSPGs remain understudied. Here we compile some of the latest studies focusing on HSPGs as internalizing receptors of extracellular vesicles ("endogenous virus") and SARS-CoV-2 lipid-enclosed particles and highlight similarities in their biophysical and structural characteristics. Specifically, the similarities in their biogenesis, size, and lipid composition may explain a common dependence on HSPGs for efficient cell-surface attachment and uptake. We further discuss the relative complexity of extracellular vesicle composition and the viral mechanisms that evolve towards increased infectivity that complicate therapeutic strategies addressing blockade of their uptake.</p>}},
  author       = {{Cerezo-Magaña, Myriam and Bång-Rudenstam, Anna and Belting, Mattias}},
  issn         = {{1522-1563}},
  keywords     = {{cancer; COVID-19; extracellular vesicles; proteoglycans; SARS-CoV-2}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{01}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{76--84}},
  publisher    = {{American Physiological Society}},
  series       = {{American journal of physiology. Cell physiology}},
  title        = {{Proteoglycans : a common portal for SARS-CoV-2 and extracellular vesicle uptake}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00453.2022}},
  doi          = {{10.1152/ajpcell.00453.2022}},
  volume       = {{324}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}