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Potentials in Li-Ion Batteries Probed by Operando Ambient Pressure Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Källquist, Ida ; Ericson, Tove ; Lindgren, Fredrik ; Chen, Heyin ; Shavorskiy, Andrey LU ; Maibach, Julia and Hahlin, Maria (2022) In ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces 14(5). p.6465-6475
Abstract

The important electrochemical processes in a battery happen at the solid/liquid interfaces. Operando ambient pressure photoelectron spectroscopy (APPES) is one tool to study these processes with chemical specificity. However, accessing this crucial interface and identifying the interface signal are not trivial. Therefore, we present a measurement setup, together with a suggested model, exemplifying how APPES can be used to probe potential differences over the electrode/electrolyte interface, even without direct access to the interface. Both the change in electron electrochemical potential over the solid/liquid interface, and the change in Li chemical potential of the working electrode (WE) surface at Li-ion equilibrium can be probed.... (More)

The important electrochemical processes in a battery happen at the solid/liquid interfaces. Operando ambient pressure photoelectron spectroscopy (APPES) is one tool to study these processes with chemical specificity. However, accessing this crucial interface and identifying the interface signal are not trivial. Therefore, we present a measurement setup, together with a suggested model, exemplifying how APPES can be used to probe potential differences over the electrode/electrolyte interface, even without direct access to the interface. Both the change in electron electrochemical potential over the solid/liquid interface, and the change in Li chemical potential of the working electrode (WE) surface at Li-ion equilibrium can be probed. Using a Li4Ti5O12 composite as a WE, our results show that the shifts in kinetic energy of the electrolyte measured by APPES can be correlated to the electrochemical reactions occurring at the WE/electrolyte interface. Different shifts in kinetic energy are seen depending on if a phase transition reaction occurs or if a single phase is lithiated. The developed methodology can be used to evaluate charge transfer over the WE/electrolyte interface as well as the lithiation/delithiation mechanism of the WE.

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author
; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
ambient pressure photoelectron spectroscopy, electrochemical potential, electrochemistry, Li-ion battery, operando, photoelectron spectroscopy, solid/liquid interface
in
ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
volume
14
issue
5
pages
11 pages
publisher
The American Chemical Society (ACS)
external identifiers
  • pmid:35099928
  • scopus:85124443232
ISSN
1944-8244
DOI
10.1021/acsami.1c12465
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
57e9b7d8-9d16-486a-a9f0-c1b57c126fc5
date added to LUP
2022-12-28 13:14:01
date last changed
2024-06-29 02:19:13
@article{57e9b7d8-9d16-486a-a9f0-c1b57c126fc5,
  abstract     = {{<p>The important electrochemical processes in a battery happen at the solid/liquid interfaces. Operando ambient pressure photoelectron spectroscopy (APPES) is one tool to study these processes with chemical specificity. However, accessing this crucial interface and identifying the interface signal are not trivial. Therefore, we present a measurement setup, together with a suggested model, exemplifying how APPES can be used to probe potential differences over the electrode/electrolyte interface, even without direct access to the interface. Both the change in electron electrochemical potential over the solid/liquid interface, and the change in Li chemical potential of the working electrode (WE) surface at Li-ion equilibrium can be probed. Using a Li4Ti5O12 composite as a WE, our results show that the shifts in kinetic energy of the electrolyte measured by APPES can be correlated to the electrochemical reactions occurring at the WE/electrolyte interface. Different shifts in kinetic energy are seen depending on if a phase transition reaction occurs or if a single phase is lithiated. The developed methodology can be used to evaluate charge transfer over the WE/electrolyte interface as well as the lithiation/delithiation mechanism of the WE.</p>}},
  author       = {{Källquist, Ida and Ericson, Tove and Lindgren, Fredrik and Chen, Heyin and Shavorskiy, Andrey and Maibach, Julia and Hahlin, Maria}},
  issn         = {{1944-8244}},
  keywords     = {{ambient pressure photoelectron spectroscopy; electrochemical potential; electrochemistry; Li-ion battery; operando; photoelectron spectroscopy; solid/liquid interface}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{02}},
  number       = {{5}},
  pages        = {{6465--6475}},
  publisher    = {{The American Chemical Society (ACS)}},
  series       = {{ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces}},
  title        = {{Potentials in Li-Ion Batteries Probed by Operando Ambient Pressure Photoelectron Spectroscopy}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.1c12465}},
  doi          = {{10.1021/acsami.1c12465}},
  volume       = {{14}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}