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Increased DNA Methylation and Decreased Expression of PDX-1 in Pancreatic Islets from Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Yang, Beatrice LU orcid ; Dayeh, Tasnim LU ; Volkov, Petr LU ; Kirkpatrick, Clare L ; Malmgren, Siri LU ; Jing, Xingjun ; Renström, Erik LU ; Wollheim, Claes LU ; Dekker Nitert, Marloes LU and Ling, Charlotte LU orcid (2012) In Molecular Endocrinology 26(7). p.1203-1212
Abstract
Mutations in pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX-1) can cause a monogenic form of diabetes (maturity onset diabetes of the young 4) in humans, and silencing Pdx-1 in pancreatic β-cells of mice causes diabetes. However, it is not established whether epigenetic alterations of PDX-1 influence type 2 diabetes (T2D) in humans. Here we analyzed mRNA expression and DNA methylation of PDX-1 in human pancreatic islets from 55 nondiabetic donors and nine patients with T2D. We further studied epigenetic regulation of PDX-1 in clonal β-cells. PDX-1 expression was decreased in pancreatic islets from patients with T2D compared with nondiabetic donors (P = 0.0002) and correlated positively with insulin expression (rho = 0.59, P = 0.000001) and... (More)
Mutations in pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX-1) can cause a monogenic form of diabetes (maturity onset diabetes of the young 4) in humans, and silencing Pdx-1 in pancreatic β-cells of mice causes diabetes. However, it is not established whether epigenetic alterations of PDX-1 influence type 2 diabetes (T2D) in humans. Here we analyzed mRNA expression and DNA methylation of PDX-1 in human pancreatic islets from 55 nondiabetic donors and nine patients with T2D. We further studied epigenetic regulation of PDX-1 in clonal β-cells. PDX-1 expression was decreased in pancreatic islets from patients with T2D compared with nondiabetic donors (P = 0.0002) and correlated positively with insulin expression (rho = 0.59, P = 0.000001) and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (rho = 0.41, P = 0.005) in the human islets. Ten CpG sites in the distal PDX-1 promoter and enhancer regions exhibited significantly increased DNA methylation in islets from patients with T2D compared with nondiabetic donors. DNA methylation of PDX-1 correlated negatively with its gene expression in the human islets (rho = -0.64, P = 0.0000029). Moreover, methylation of the human PDX-1 promoter and enhancer regions suppressed reporter gene expression in clonal β-cells (P = 0.04). Our data further indicate that hyperglycemia decreases gene expression and increases DNA methylation of PDX-1 because glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) correlates negatively with mRNA expression (rho = -0.50, P = 0.0004) and positively with DNA methylation (rho = 0.54, P = 0.00024) of PDX-1 in the human islets. Furthermore, while Pdx-1 expression decreased, Pdx-1 methylation and Dnmt1 expression increased in clonal β-cells exposed to high glucose. Overall, epigenetic modifications of PDX-1 may play a role in the development of T2D, given that pancreatic islets from patients with T2D and β-cells exposed to hyperglycemia exhibited increased DNA methylation and decreased expression of PDX-1. The expression levels of PDX-1 were further associated with insulin secretion in the human islets. (Less)
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author
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Molecular Endocrinology
volume
26
issue
7
pages
1203 - 1212
publisher
The Endocrine Society
external identifiers
  • wos:000305962500012
  • pmid:22570331
  • scopus:84863334811
  • pmid:22570331
ISSN
0888-8809
DOI
10.1210/me.2012-1004
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
5a5e605a-bb02-4921-87c3-a3328d45393f (old id 2608985)
alternative location
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22570331?dopt=Abstract
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 14:27:20
date last changed
2024-03-27 18:58:15
@article{5a5e605a-bb02-4921-87c3-a3328d45393f,
  abstract     = {{Mutations in pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX-1) can cause a monogenic form of diabetes (maturity onset diabetes of the young 4) in humans, and silencing Pdx-1 in pancreatic β-cells of mice causes diabetes. However, it is not established whether epigenetic alterations of PDX-1 influence type 2 diabetes (T2D) in humans. Here we analyzed mRNA expression and DNA methylation of PDX-1 in human pancreatic islets from 55 nondiabetic donors and nine patients with T2D. We further studied epigenetic regulation of PDX-1 in clonal β-cells. PDX-1 expression was decreased in pancreatic islets from patients with T2D compared with nondiabetic donors (P = 0.0002) and correlated positively with insulin expression (rho = 0.59, P = 0.000001) and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (rho = 0.41, P = 0.005) in the human islets. Ten CpG sites in the distal PDX-1 promoter and enhancer regions exhibited significantly increased DNA methylation in islets from patients with T2D compared with nondiabetic donors. DNA methylation of PDX-1 correlated negatively with its gene expression in the human islets (rho = -0.64, P = 0.0000029). Moreover, methylation of the human PDX-1 promoter and enhancer regions suppressed reporter gene expression in clonal β-cells (P = 0.04). Our data further indicate that hyperglycemia decreases gene expression and increases DNA methylation of PDX-1 because glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) correlates negatively with mRNA expression (rho = -0.50, P = 0.0004) and positively with DNA methylation (rho = 0.54, P = 0.00024) of PDX-1 in the human islets. Furthermore, while Pdx-1 expression decreased, Pdx-1 methylation and Dnmt1 expression increased in clonal β-cells exposed to high glucose. Overall, epigenetic modifications of PDX-1 may play a role in the development of T2D, given that pancreatic islets from patients with T2D and β-cells exposed to hyperglycemia exhibited increased DNA methylation and decreased expression of PDX-1. The expression levels of PDX-1 were further associated with insulin secretion in the human islets.}},
  author       = {{Yang, Beatrice and Dayeh, Tasnim and Volkov, Petr and Kirkpatrick, Clare L and Malmgren, Siri and Jing, Xingjun and Renström, Erik and Wollheim, Claes and Dekker Nitert, Marloes and Ling, Charlotte}},
  issn         = {{0888-8809}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{7}},
  pages        = {{1203--1212}},
  publisher    = {{The Endocrine Society}},
  series       = {{Molecular Endocrinology}},
  title        = {{Increased DNA Methylation and Decreased Expression of PDX-1 in Pancreatic Islets from Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.}},
  url          = {{https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/files/3982451/3364909.pdf}},
  doi          = {{10.1210/me.2012-1004}},
  volume       = {{26}},
  year         = {{2012}},
}