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Prospective evaluation of a combination of fungal biomarkers for the diagnosis of invasive fungal disease in high-risk haematology patients

Hammarström, Helena ; Stjärne Aspelund, Anna LU ; Christensson, Bertil LU ; Heußel, Claus Peter ; Isaksson, Jenny ; Kondori, Nahid ; Larsson, Lennart LU ; Markowicz, Pawel LU ; Richter, Johan LU and Wennerås, Christine , et al. (2018) In Mycoses 61(9). p.623-632
Abstract

We prospectively evaluated a combination of fungal biomarkers in adult haematology patients with focus on their clinical utility at different time points during the course of infection. In total, 135 patients were monitored once to twice weekly for serum (1-3)-ß-d-glucan (BG), galactomannan (GM), bis-methyl-gliotoxin and urinary d-arabinitol/l-arabinitol ratio. In all, 13 cases with proven or probable invasive fungal disease (IFD) were identified. The sensitivity of BG and GM at the time of diagnosis (TOD) was low, but within 2 weeks from the TOD the sensitivity of BG was 92%. BG >800 pg/mL was highly specific for IFD. At a pre-test probability of 12%, both BG and GM had negative predictive values (NPV) >0.9 but low positive... (More)

We prospectively evaluated a combination of fungal biomarkers in adult haematology patients with focus on their clinical utility at different time points during the course of infection. In total, 135 patients were monitored once to twice weekly for serum (1-3)-ß-d-glucan (BG), galactomannan (GM), bis-methyl-gliotoxin and urinary d-arabinitol/l-arabinitol ratio. In all, 13 cases with proven or probable invasive fungal disease (IFD) were identified. The sensitivity of BG and GM at the time of diagnosis (TOD) was low, but within 2 weeks from the TOD the sensitivity of BG was 92%. BG >800 pg/mL was highly specific for IFD. At a pre-test probability of 12%, both BG and GM had negative predictive values (NPV) >0.9 but low positive predictive values (PPV). In a subgroup analysis of patients with clinically suspected IFD (pre-test probability of 35%), the NPV was lower, but the PPV for BG was 0.86 at cut-off 160 pg/mL. Among IFD patients, 91% had patterns of consecutively positive and increasing BG levels. Bis-methyl-gliotoxin was undetectable in 15 patients with proven, probable and possible IA. To conclude, BG was the superior fungal marker for IFD diagnosis. Quantification above the limit of detection and graphical evaluation of the pattern of dynamics are warranted in the interpretation of BG results.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
1,3-beta-d-glucan, diagnosis, galactomannan, haematological malignancies, haematopoietic stem cell transplantation, invasive fungal infections
in
Mycoses
volume
61
issue
9
pages
10 pages
publisher
Wiley-Blackwell
external identifiers
  • pmid:29577474
  • scopus:85051414187
ISSN
0933-7407
DOI
10.1111/myc.12773
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
5a6804f1-84c5-4c9a-936c-1bba2e3814b2
date added to LUP
2018-09-07 12:21:21
date last changed
2024-04-15 11:07:08
@article{5a6804f1-84c5-4c9a-936c-1bba2e3814b2,
  abstract     = {{<p>We prospectively evaluated a combination of fungal biomarkers in adult haematology patients with focus on their clinical utility at different time points during the course of infection. In total, 135 patients were monitored once to twice weekly for serum (1-3)-ß-d-glucan (BG), galactomannan (GM), bis-methyl-gliotoxin and urinary d-arabinitol/l-arabinitol ratio. In all, 13 cases with proven or probable invasive fungal disease (IFD) were identified. The sensitivity of BG and GM at the time of diagnosis (TOD) was low, but within 2 weeks from the TOD the sensitivity of BG was 92%. BG &gt;800 pg/mL was highly specific for IFD. At a pre-test probability of 12%, both BG and GM had negative predictive values (NPV) &gt;0.9 but low positive predictive values (PPV). In a subgroup analysis of patients with clinically suspected IFD (pre-test probability of 35%), the NPV was lower, but the PPV for BG was 0.86 at cut-off 160 pg/mL. Among IFD patients, 91% had patterns of consecutively positive and increasing BG levels. Bis-methyl-gliotoxin was undetectable in 15 patients with proven, probable and possible IA. To conclude, BG was the superior fungal marker for IFD diagnosis. Quantification above the limit of detection and graphical evaluation of the pattern of dynamics are warranted in the interpretation of BG results.</p>}},
  author       = {{Hammarström, Helena and Stjärne Aspelund, Anna and Christensson, Bertil and Heußel, Claus Peter and Isaksson, Jenny and Kondori, Nahid and Larsson, Lennart and Markowicz, Pawel and Richter, Johan and Wennerås, Christine and Friman, Vanda}},
  issn         = {{0933-7407}},
  keywords     = {{1,3-beta-d-glucan; diagnosis; galactomannan; haematological malignancies; haematopoietic stem cell transplantation; invasive fungal infections}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{09}},
  number       = {{9}},
  pages        = {{623--632}},
  publisher    = {{Wiley-Blackwell}},
  series       = {{Mycoses}},
  title        = {{Prospective evaluation of a combination of fungal biomarkers for the diagnosis of invasive fungal disease in high-risk haematology patients}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/myc.12773}},
  doi          = {{10.1111/myc.12773}},
  volume       = {{61}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}