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Prospective evaluation of coronary FLOW reserve and molecular biomarkers in patients with established coronary artery disease the PROFLOW-trial : Cross-sectional evaluation of coronary flow reserve

Haraldsson, Inger ; Gan, Li Ming ; Svedlund, Sara ; Torngren, Kristina LU ; Westergren, Helena U. ; Redfors, Björn ; Lagerström-Fermér, Maria ; Angerås, Oskar ; Råmunddal, Truls and Petursson, Petur , et al. (2019) In Vascular Health and Risk Management 15. p.375-384
Abstract

Background: Survivors of myocardial infarction (MI) are at high risk of new major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Coronary flow reserve (CFR) is a strong and independent predictor of MACE. Understanding the prevalence of impaired CFR in this patient group and identifying risk markers for impaired CFR are important steps in the development of personalized and targeted treatment for high-risk individuals with prior MI. Methods: PROFLOW is a prospective, exploratory, cross-sectional open study. We used information from the SCAAR (Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry) to identify high-risk patients with a history of type-1 MI. We measured CFR non-invasively in a left anterior descending artery (LAD) using... (More)

Background: Survivors of myocardial infarction (MI) are at high risk of new major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Coronary flow reserve (CFR) is a strong and independent predictor of MACE. Understanding the prevalence of impaired CFR in this patient group and identifying risk markers for impaired CFR are important steps in the development of personalized and targeted treatment for high-risk individuals with prior MI. Methods: PROFLOW is a prospective, exploratory, cross-sectional open study. We used information from the SCAAR (Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry) to identify high-risk patients with a history of type-1 MI. We measured CFR non-invasively in a left anterior descending artery (LAD) using transthoracic Doppler echocardiography. Coronary flow velocity was measured at rest and at maximal flow after induction of hyperemia by intravenous infusion of adenosine (140 μg/kg/min). Independent predictors of CFR were assessed with multiple linear regression. Results: We included 619 patients. The median age was 69 (IQR 65–73), and 114 (18.4%) were women. Almost one-half of the patients, 285 (46.0%) had the multi-vessel disease, and 147 (23.7%) were incompletely revascularized. The majority were on optimal standard treatment eg ASA (93.1%), statins (90.0%), ACEI/ARB (82.6%) and beta-blockers (80.8%). The majority, 547 (88.4%) had no angina pectoris, and 572 (92.2%) were in NYHA class I. Evaluation of CFR was possible in 611 (98.7%) patients. Mean CFR was 2.74 (±0.79 (mean ± SD)). A substantial number of patients (39.7%) had CFR ≤2.5. In a multiple linear regression model age, dyslipidemia, smoking, hypertension, body mass index, incomplete revascularization, and treatment with angio-tensin receptor blockers were independent predictors of CFR. Conclusion: In this high-risk group of patients with prior MI, the prevalence of impaired CFR was high. Further risk stratification with CFR in addition to traditional cardiovascular risk factors may improve predictive accuracy for future MACE in this patient population.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Coronary flow reserve, Doppler echocardiography, Myocardial infarction, Prognosis, Secondary prevention
in
Vascular Health and Risk Management
volume
15
pages
375 - 384
publisher
Dove Medical Press Ltd.
external identifiers
  • scopus:85071834332
  • pmid:31695398
ISSN
1178-2048
DOI
10.2147/VHRM.S209003
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
5bf4f0df-cfd2-4424-8867-0f8240b6c3fc
date added to LUP
2019-09-23 11:25:25
date last changed
2024-10-02 13:51:37
@article{5bf4f0df-cfd2-4424-8867-0f8240b6c3fc,
  abstract     = {{<p>Background: Survivors of myocardial infarction (MI) are at high risk of new major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Coronary flow reserve (CFR) is a strong and independent predictor of MACE. Understanding the prevalence of impaired CFR in this patient group and identifying risk markers for impaired CFR are important steps in the development of personalized and targeted treatment for high-risk individuals with prior MI. Methods: PROFLOW is a prospective, exploratory, cross-sectional open study. We used information from the SCAAR (Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry) to identify high-risk patients with a history of type-1 MI. We measured CFR non-invasively in a left anterior descending artery (LAD) using transthoracic Doppler echocardiography. Coronary flow velocity was measured at rest and at maximal flow after induction of hyperemia by intravenous infusion of adenosine (140 μg/kg/min). Independent predictors of CFR were assessed with multiple linear regression. Results: We included 619 patients. The median age was 69 (IQR 65–73), and 114 (18.4%) were women. Almost one-half of the patients, 285 (46.0%) had the multi-vessel disease, and 147 (23.7%) were incompletely revascularized. The majority were on optimal standard treatment eg ASA (93.1%), statins (90.0%), ACEI/ARB (82.6%) and beta-blockers (80.8%). The majority, 547 (88.4%) had no angina pectoris, and 572 (92.2%) were in NYHA class I. Evaluation of CFR was possible in 611 (98.7%) patients. Mean CFR was 2.74 (±0.79 (mean ± SD)). A substantial number of patients (39.7%) had CFR ≤2.5. In a multiple linear regression model age, dyslipidemia, smoking, hypertension, body mass index, incomplete revascularization, and treatment with angio-tensin receptor blockers were independent predictors of CFR. Conclusion: In this high-risk group of patients with prior MI, the prevalence of impaired CFR was high. Further risk stratification with CFR in addition to traditional cardiovascular risk factors may improve predictive accuracy for future MACE in this patient population.</p>}},
  author       = {{Haraldsson, Inger and Gan, Li Ming and Svedlund, Sara and Torngren, Kristina and Westergren, Helena U. and Redfors, Björn and Lagerström-Fermér, Maria and Angerås, Oskar and Råmunddal, Truls and Petursson, Petur and Odenstedt, Jacob and Albertsson, Per and Erlinge, David and Omerovic, Elmir}},
  issn         = {{1178-2048}},
  keywords     = {{Coronary flow reserve; Doppler echocardiography; Myocardial infarction; Prognosis; Secondary prevention}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{375--384}},
  publisher    = {{Dove Medical Press Ltd.}},
  series       = {{Vascular Health and Risk Management}},
  title        = {{Prospective evaluation of coronary FLOW reserve and molecular biomarkers in patients with established coronary artery disease the PROFLOW-trial : Cross-sectional evaluation of coronary flow reserve}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/VHRM.S209003}},
  doi          = {{10.2147/VHRM.S209003}},
  volume       = {{15}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}