Does a prior diagnosis of infectious disease confer an increased risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults?
Edstorp, Jessica ; Rossides, Marios ; Ahlqvist, Emma LU ; Rasouli, Bahareh ; Tuomi, Tiinamaija LU
and Carlsson, Sofia
(2023)
In Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews
- Abstract
Aims: Infections are proposed risk factors for type 1 diabetes in children. We examined whether a diagnosis of infectious disease also confers an increased risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). Materials and methods: We used data from a population-based Swedish case-control study with incident cases of LADA (n = 597) and matched controls (n = 2386). The history of infectious disease was ascertained through national and regional patient registers. We estimated adjusted odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals for ≥1 respiratory (any/upper/lower), gastrointestinal, herpetic, other or any infectious disease episode, or separately, for 1 and ≥2 infectious disease episodes, within 0–1, 1–3, 3–5 and 5–10 years before LADA... (More)
Aims: Infections are proposed risk factors for type 1 diabetes in children. We examined whether a diagnosis of infectious disease also confers an increased risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). Materials and methods: We used data from a population-based Swedish case-control study with incident cases of LADA (n = 597) and matched controls (n = 2386). The history of infectious disease was ascertained through national and regional patient registers. We estimated adjusted odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals for ≥1 respiratory (any/upper/lower), gastrointestinal, herpetic, other or any infectious disease episode, or separately, for 1 and ≥2 infectious disease episodes, within 0–1, 1–3, 3–5 and 5–10 years before LADA diagnosis/matching. Stratified analyses were performed on the basis of HLA risk genotypes and Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA) levels. Results: Individuals who developed LADA did not have a higher prevalence of infectious disease 1–10 years before diabetes diagnosis. For example, OR was estimated at 0.87 (0.66, 1.14) for any versus no respiratory infectious disease within 1–3 years. Similar results were seen for LADA with high-risk HLA genotypes (OR 0.95 [0.64, 1.42]) or high GADA levels (OR 1.10 [0.79, 1.55]), ≥2 episodes (OR 0.89 [0.56, 1.40]), and in infections treated using antibiotics (OR 1.03 [0.73, 1.45]). The only significant association was observed with lower respiratory disease the year preceding LADA diagnosis (OR 1.67 [1.06, 2.64]). Conclusions: Our findings do not support the idea that exposure to infections increases the risk of LADA. A higher prevalence of respiratory infection in the year before LADA diagnosis could reflect increased susceptibility to infections due to hyperglycemia.
(Less)
- author
- Edstorp, Jessica
; Rossides, Marios
; Ahlqvist, Emma
LU
; Rasouli, Bahareh
; Tuomi, Tiinamaija
LU
and Carlsson, Sofia
- organization
- publishing date
- 2023
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- epub
- subject
- keywords
- case-control studies, diabetes mellitus, infections, latent autoimmune diabetes in adults, registries, type 2
- in
- Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews
- publisher
- John Wiley & Sons Inc.
- external identifiers
-
- pmid:38103209
- scopus:85179937426
- ISSN
- 1520-7552
- DOI
- 10.1002/dmrr.3758
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 5ea2333c-d017-4226-883a-50354afab8ec
- date added to LUP
- 2024-01-10 10:04:20
- date last changed
- 2024-04-25 06:03:18
@article{5ea2333c-d017-4226-883a-50354afab8ec,
abstract = {{<p>Aims: Infections are proposed risk factors for type 1 diabetes in children. We examined whether a diagnosis of infectious disease also confers an increased risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). Materials and methods: We used data from a population-based Swedish case-control study with incident cases of LADA (n = 597) and matched controls (n = 2386). The history of infectious disease was ascertained through national and regional patient registers. We estimated adjusted odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals for ≥1 respiratory (any/upper/lower), gastrointestinal, herpetic, other or any infectious disease episode, or separately, for 1 and ≥2 infectious disease episodes, within 0–1, 1–3, 3–5 and 5–10 years before LADA diagnosis/matching. Stratified analyses were performed on the basis of HLA risk genotypes and Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA) levels. Results: Individuals who developed LADA did not have a higher prevalence of infectious disease 1–10 years before diabetes diagnosis. For example, OR was estimated at 0.87 (0.66, 1.14) for any versus no respiratory infectious disease within 1–3 years. Similar results were seen for LADA with high-risk HLA genotypes (OR 0.95 [0.64, 1.42]) or high GADA levels (OR 1.10 [0.79, 1.55]), ≥2 episodes (OR 0.89 [0.56, 1.40]), and in infections treated using antibiotics (OR 1.03 [0.73, 1.45]). The only significant association was observed with lower respiratory disease the year preceding LADA diagnosis (OR 1.67 [1.06, 2.64]). Conclusions: Our findings do not support the idea that exposure to infections increases the risk of LADA. A higher prevalence of respiratory infection in the year before LADA diagnosis could reflect increased susceptibility to infections due to hyperglycemia.</p>}},
author = {{Edstorp, Jessica and Rossides, Marios and Ahlqvist, Emma and Rasouli, Bahareh and Tuomi, Tiinamaija and Carlsson, Sofia}},
issn = {{1520-7552}},
keywords = {{case-control studies; diabetes mellitus; infections; latent autoimmune diabetes in adults; registries; type 2}},
language = {{eng}},
publisher = {{John Wiley & Sons Inc.}},
series = {{Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews}},
title = {{Does a prior diagnosis of infectious disease confer an increased risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults?}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3758}},
doi = {{10.1002/dmrr.3758}},
year = {{2023}},
}