Ultrasonic cavitation shock wave exfoliation dynamics of 2D materials revealed in situ by MHz XFEL imaging and multiphysics modeling
(2025) In Science Advances 11(48). p.1-10- Abstract
Using megahertz x-ray free electron laser imaging with x-ray pulses of ~25 femtoseconds and a machine-learning strategy, we have conducted comprehensive in situ imaging studies on the dynamics of cavitation bubble clouds in ultrasound fields at the SPB/SFX beamline of the European XFEL. The research unambiguously revealed the quasi-simultaneous implosion of multiple bubbles and simultaneous collapse of bubble cloud in nanosecond scale and their dynamic impacts onto two-dimensional (2D) materials for layer exfoliation. We have also performed multiphysics modeling to simulate the shock wave emission, propagation, impact, and stresses produced. We elucidated the critical conditions for producing instant or fatigue exfoliation and the... (More)
Using megahertz x-ray free electron laser imaging with x-ray pulses of ~25 femtoseconds and a machine-learning strategy, we have conducted comprehensive in situ imaging studies on the dynamics of cavitation bubble clouds in ultrasound fields at the SPB/SFX beamline of the European XFEL. The research unambiguously revealed the quasi-simultaneous implosion of multiple bubbles and simultaneous collapse of bubble cloud in nanosecond scale and their dynamic impacts onto two-dimensional (2D) materials for layer exfoliation. We have also performed multiphysics modeling to simulate the shock wave emission, propagation, impact, and stresses produced. We elucidated the critical conditions for producing instant or fatigue exfoliation and the effects of bonding strengths and structural defects on the exfoliation rate. The discoveries have filled the long-standing missing knowledge gaps in the underlying physics of exfoliating 2D materials in ultrasound fields, providing a solid theoretical foundation for optimizing and scaling-up operation to produce 2D materials in a much more cost-effective and sustainable way.
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- author
- organization
- publishing date
- 2025-11-28
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- in
- Science Advances
- volume
- 11
- issue
- 48
- article number
- eady9558
- pages
- 10 pages
- publisher
- American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
- external identifiers
-
- scopus:105023334458
- pmid:41313778
- ISSN
- 2375-2548
- DOI
- 10.1126/sciadv.ady9558
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- additional info
- Publisher Copyright: © 2025 The Authors, some rights reserved;
- id
- 60449014-d024-4e97-a78b-5479a5e1a004
- date added to LUP
- 2026-01-19 10:57:54
- date last changed
- 2026-02-02 12:08:06
@article{60449014-d024-4e97-a78b-5479a5e1a004,
abstract = {{<p>Using megahertz x-ray free electron laser imaging with x-ray pulses of ~25 femtoseconds and a machine-learning strategy, we have conducted comprehensive in situ imaging studies on the dynamics of cavitation bubble clouds in ultrasound fields at the SPB/SFX beamline of the European XFEL. The research unambiguously revealed the quasi-simultaneous implosion of multiple bubbles and simultaneous collapse of bubble cloud in nanosecond scale and their dynamic impacts onto two-dimensional (2D) materials for layer exfoliation. We have also performed multiphysics modeling to simulate the shock wave emission, propagation, impact, and stresses produced. We elucidated the critical conditions for producing instant or fatigue exfoliation and the effects of bonding strengths and structural defects on the exfoliation rate. The discoveries have filled the long-standing missing knowledge gaps in the underlying physics of exfoliating 2D materials in ultrasound fields, providing a solid theoretical foundation for optimizing and scaling-up operation to produce 2D materials in a much more cost-effective and sustainable way.</p>}},
author = {{Xiang, Kang and Qin, Ling and Huang, Shi and Song, Hongyuan and Bazhenov, Vasilii and Bellucci, Valerio and Birnšteinová, Sarlota and de Wijn, Raphael and Koliyadu, Jayanath C.P. and Koua, Faisal H.M. and Round, Adam and Round, Ekaterina and Sarma, Abhisakh and Sato, Tokushi and Sikorski, Marcin and Zhang, Yuhe and Asimakopoulou, Eleni Myrto and Villanueva-Perez, Pablo and Porfyrakis, Kyriakos and Tzanakis, Iakovos and Eskin, Dmitry G. and Grobert, Nicole and Mancuso, Adrian P. and Bean, Richard and Vagovič, Patrik and Mi, Jiawei}},
issn = {{2375-2548}},
language = {{eng}},
month = {{11}},
number = {{48}},
pages = {{1--10}},
publisher = {{American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)}},
series = {{Science Advances}},
title = {{Ultrasonic cavitation shock wave exfoliation dynamics of 2D materials revealed in situ by MHz XFEL imaging and multiphysics modeling}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.ady9558}},
doi = {{10.1126/sciadv.ady9558}},
volume = {{11}},
year = {{2025}},
}
