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Overcoming Immune Evasion in Staphylococcus aureus : Strategies for Rational Vaccine Design.

Shinwari, Khyber ; Vieira, Brenda ; Ciaparin, Isabelle ; Hakansson, Anders P LU orcid ; Darrieux, Michelle LU and Converso, Thiago Rojas LU (2025) In ACS Infectious Diseases 11(10). p.2692-2705
Abstract


Staphylococcus aureus remains one of the most elusive targets in bacterial vaccinology, primarily due to its complex immune evasion strategies and the phenomenon of immune imprinting. Despite decades of research and numerous clinical trials, no vaccine has demonstrated protective efficacy in humans. This review examines the underlying reasons for these failures and proposes a rational, integrative framework for next-generation vaccine development. Recent advances in reverse vaccinology, omics-driven antigen discovery, immunoinformatics, and artificial intelligence are highlighted as tools to identify conserved, immunogenic, and subdominant antigens. The review also discusses approaches for neutralizing virulence factors,... (More)


Staphylococcus aureus remains one of the most elusive targets in bacterial vaccinology, primarily due to its complex immune evasion strategies and the phenomenon of immune imprinting. Despite decades of research and numerous clinical trials, no vaccine has demonstrated protective efficacy in humans. This review examines the underlying reasons for these failures and proposes a rational, integrative framework for next-generation vaccine development. Recent advances in reverse vaccinology, omics-driven antigen discovery, immunoinformatics, and artificial intelligence are highlighted as tools to identify conserved, immunogenic, and subdominant antigens. The review also discusses approaches for neutralizing virulence factors, disrupting biofilm-associated mechanisms, and circumventing dysfunctional immune memory. Particular emphasis is placed on the design of multivalent vaccine formulations capable of addressing the antigenic redundancy and immune modulation employed by
S. aureus. By aligning systems biology with precision vaccinology, this review outlines a translational strategy to overcome the long-standing obstacles in the development of a safe and effective
S. aureus vaccine.

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Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Immune Evasion, Humans, Staphylococcus aureus/immunology, Staphylococcal Vaccines/immunology, Staphylococcal Infections/prevention & control, Vaccine Development, Virulence Factors/immunology, Animals, Antigens, Bacterial/immunology, Vaccinology
in
ACS Infectious Diseases
volume
11
issue
10
pages
2692 - 2705
publisher
The American Chemical Society (ACS)
external identifiers
  • scopus:105018315143
  • pmid:40939045
ISSN
2373-8227
DOI
10.1021/acsinfecdis.5c00569
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
6154cbdd-c57f-463a-ae57-7d9af981127d
date added to LUP
2025-10-16 21:40:17
date last changed
2025-10-18 03:00:24
@article{6154cbdd-c57f-463a-ae57-7d9af981127d,
  abstract     = {{<p><br>
 Staphylococcus aureus remains one of the most elusive targets in bacterial vaccinology, primarily due to its complex immune evasion strategies and the phenomenon of immune imprinting. Despite decades of research and numerous clinical trials, no vaccine has demonstrated protective efficacy in humans. This review examines the underlying reasons for these failures and proposes a rational, integrative framework for next-generation vaccine development. Recent advances in reverse vaccinology, omics-driven antigen discovery, immunoinformatics, and artificial intelligence are highlighted as tools to identify conserved, immunogenic, and subdominant antigens. The review also discusses approaches for neutralizing virulence factors, disrupting biofilm-associated mechanisms, and circumventing dysfunctional immune memory. Particular emphasis is placed on the design of multivalent vaccine formulations capable of addressing the antigenic redundancy and immune modulation employed by<br>
 S. aureus. By aligning systems biology with precision vaccinology, this review outlines a translational strategy to overcome the long-standing obstacles in the development of a safe and effective <br>
 S. aureus vaccine.<br>
 </p>}},
  author       = {{Shinwari, Khyber and Vieira, Brenda and Ciaparin, Isabelle and Hakansson, Anders P and Darrieux, Michelle and Converso, Thiago Rojas}},
  issn         = {{2373-8227}},
  keywords     = {{Immune Evasion; Humans; Staphylococcus aureus/immunology; Staphylococcal Vaccines/immunology; Staphylococcal Infections/prevention & control; Vaccine Development; Virulence Factors/immunology; Animals; Antigens, Bacterial/immunology; Vaccinology}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{10}},
  number       = {{10}},
  pages        = {{2692--2705}},
  publisher    = {{The American Chemical Society (ACS)}},
  series       = {{ACS Infectious Diseases}},
  title        = {{Overcoming Immune Evasion in Staphylococcus aureus : Strategies for Rational Vaccine Design.}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsinfecdis.5c00569}},
  doi          = {{10.1021/acsinfecdis.5c00569}},
  volume       = {{11}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}