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The roles of response expectancies, basline experiences, and hypnotizability in spontaneous hypnotic experiences

Cardeña, Etzel LU orcid and Terhune, Devin LU (2019) In International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis 67(1). p.1-27
Abstract
This study evaluated factors underlying individual differences
in spontaneous (unsuggested) experiences during hypnosis.
Participants varying in hypnotizability (low, medium, and high) completed
a questionnaire about various dimensions of consciousness they
would expect to experience at the “deepest level of hypnosis” (expectancy),
an eyes-closed resting condition (baseline), and their actual
experiences during “neutral hypnosis” (hypnosis). Responses during
hypnosis were characterized by higher scores in dimensions related to
alterations in conscious experience, affect, and imagery, and lower
scores in rationality and agency. Only highs and mediums evinced
increases in altered experience and body... (More)
This study evaluated factors underlying individual differences
in spontaneous (unsuggested) experiences during hypnosis.
Participants varying in hypnotizability (low, medium, and high) completed
a questionnaire about various dimensions of consciousness they
would expect to experience at the “deepest level of hypnosis” (expectancy),
an eyes-closed resting condition (baseline), and their actual
experiences during “neutral hypnosis” (hypnosis). Responses during
hypnosis were characterized by higher scores in dimensions related to
alterations in conscious experience, affect, and imagery, and lower
scores in rationality and agency. Only highs and mediums evinced
increases in altered experience and body image. Across conditions,
highs reported greater alterations in time experience and lower selfawareness
than other groups. Participants overall tended to overestimate
the changes they would experience in hypnosis. Baseline and
hypnosis correlated in various dimensions, including affect, arousal,
and internal dialogue. After controlling for baseline scores and hypnotizability,
expectancies correlated with some dimensions having to do
with alterations in consciousness. In sum, spontaneous experiences
during hypnosis are driven by response expectancies, hypnotizability,
and baseline experiences, which show differential effects. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
hypnosis, hypnotizability, expectancies, Altered states of consciousness
in
International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis
volume
67
issue
1
pages
1 - 27
publisher
Routledge
external identifiers
  • scopus:85060942368
  • pmid:30702400
ISSN
0020-7144
DOI
10.1080/00207144.2019.1553759
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
638ed326-c55a-480c-b5bd-7bad21cae46b
date added to LUP
2019-01-30 10:32:25
date last changed
2022-04-25 20:38:49
@article{638ed326-c55a-480c-b5bd-7bad21cae46b,
  abstract     = {{This study evaluated factors underlying individual differences<br/>in spontaneous (unsuggested) experiences during hypnosis.<br/>Participants varying in hypnotizability (low, medium, and high) completed<br/>a questionnaire about various dimensions of consciousness they<br/>would expect to experience at the “deepest level of hypnosis” (expectancy),<br/>an eyes-closed resting condition (baseline), and their actual<br/>experiences during “neutral hypnosis” (hypnosis). Responses during<br/>hypnosis were characterized by higher scores in dimensions related to<br/>alterations in conscious experience, affect, and imagery, and lower<br/>scores in rationality and agency. Only highs and mediums evinced<br/>increases in altered experience and body image. Across conditions,<br/>highs reported greater alterations in time experience and lower selfawareness<br/>than other groups. Participants overall tended to overestimate<br/>the changes they would experience in hypnosis. Baseline and<br/>hypnosis correlated in various dimensions, including affect, arousal,<br/>and internal dialogue. After controlling for baseline scores and hypnotizability,<br/>expectancies correlated with some dimensions having to do<br/>with alterations in consciousness. In sum, spontaneous experiences<br/>during hypnosis are driven by response expectancies, hypnotizability,<br/>and baseline experiences, which show differential effects.}},
  author       = {{Cardeña, Etzel and Terhune, Devin}},
  issn         = {{0020-7144}},
  keywords     = {{hypnosis; hypnotizability; expectancies; Altered states of consciousness}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{1--27}},
  publisher    = {{Routledge}},
  series       = {{International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis}},
  title        = {{The roles of response expectancies, basline experiences, and hypnotizability in spontaneous hypnotic experiences}},
  url          = {{https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/files/57409988/expectanciespublished.pdf}},
  doi          = {{10.1080/00207144.2019.1553759}},
  volume       = {{67}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}