Assessing the potential of a membrane bioreactor and granular activated carbon process for wastewater reuse – A full-scale WWTP operated over one year in Scania, Sweden
Takman, Maria LU ; Svahn, Ola ; Paul, Catherine LU ; Cimbritz, Michael LU ; Blomqvist, Stefan ; Struckmann Poulsen, Jan ; Lund Nielsen, Jeppe and Davidsson, Åsa LU
(2023)
In Science of the Total Environment
895.
- Abstract
A full-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) with ultrafiltration, followed by granular activated carbon (GAC), was examined to determine the potential of reusing treated water as a source of drinking water or for irrigation. The major part of the bacteria removal took place in the MBR, whereas the GAC removed substantial amounts of organic micropollutants. Annual variations in inflow and infiltration resulted in a concentrated influent during summer and a diluted influent in the winter. The removal of E. coli was high throughout the process (average log removal 5.8), with effluent concentrations meeting the threshold for class B water standards for irrigation (EU 2020/741) but exceeding those for drinking water in Sweden. The total bacterial... (More)
A full-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) with ultrafiltration, followed by granular activated carbon (GAC), was examined to determine the potential of reusing treated water as a source of drinking water or for irrigation. The major part of the bacteria removal took place in the MBR, whereas the GAC removed substantial amounts of organic micropollutants. Annual variations in inflow and infiltration resulted in a concentrated influent during summer and a diluted influent in the winter. The removal of E. coli was high throughout the process (average log removal 5.8), with effluent concentrations meeting the threshold for class B water standards for irrigation (EU 2020/741) but exceeding those for drinking water in Sweden. The total bacterial concentration increased over the GAC, indicating the growth and release of bacteria; however, E. coli concentrations declined. The effluent concentrations of metals met the Swedish criteria for drinking water. The removal of organic micropollutants decreased during the initial operation of the treatment plant, but after 1 year and 3 months, corresponding to 15,000 bed volumes, the removal increased. Maturation of the biofilm in the GAC filters might have resulted in biodegradation of certain organic micropollutants, in combination with bioregeneration. Although there is no legislation in Scandinavia with regard to many organic micropollutants in drinking water and water for irrigation, the effluent concentrations were generally in the same order of magnitude as to those in Swedish source waters that are used for drinking water production.
(Less)
- author
- Takman, Maria
LU
; Svahn, Ola
; Paul, Catherine
LU
; Cimbritz, Michael
LU
; Blomqvist, Stefan
; Struckmann Poulsen, Jan
; Lund Nielsen, Jeppe
and Davidsson, Åsa
LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2023
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- 16S rRNA gene sequencing, Bacteria, Metals, Organic micropollutants, Water reclamation
- in
- Science of the Total Environment
- volume
- 895
- article number
- 165185
- publisher
- Elsevier
- external identifiers
-
- pmid:37385512
- scopus:85164263410
- ISSN
- 0048-9697
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165185
- project
- Assessing the potential of a membrane bioreactor and grnular activated carbon process for wastewater reuse
- From removal of organic micropollutants to municipal wastewater reuse - technological and social perspectives
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 6881a771-3bc6-49f2-a049-167a97a0e92a
- date added to LUP
- 2023-08-28 13:41:17
- date last changed
- 2024-04-20 02:04:37
@article{6881a771-3bc6-49f2-a049-167a97a0e92a,
abstract = {{<p>A full-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) with ultrafiltration, followed by granular activated carbon (GAC), was examined to determine the potential of reusing treated water as a source of drinking water or for irrigation. The major part of the bacteria removal took place in the MBR, whereas the GAC removed substantial amounts of organic micropollutants. Annual variations in inflow and infiltration resulted in a concentrated influent during summer and a diluted influent in the winter. The removal of E. coli was high throughout the process (average log removal 5.8), with effluent concentrations meeting the threshold for class B water standards for irrigation (EU 2020/741) but exceeding those for drinking water in Sweden. The total bacterial concentration increased over the GAC, indicating the growth and release of bacteria; however, E. coli concentrations declined. The effluent concentrations of metals met the Swedish criteria for drinking water. The removal of organic micropollutants decreased during the initial operation of the treatment plant, but after 1 year and 3 months, corresponding to 15,000 bed volumes, the removal increased. Maturation of the biofilm in the GAC filters might have resulted in biodegradation of certain organic micropollutants, in combination with bioregeneration. Although there is no legislation in Scandinavia with regard to many organic micropollutants in drinking water and water for irrigation, the effluent concentrations were generally in the same order of magnitude as to those in Swedish source waters that are used for drinking water production.</p>}},
author = {{Takman, Maria and Svahn, Ola and Paul, Catherine and Cimbritz, Michael and Blomqvist, Stefan and Struckmann Poulsen, Jan and Lund Nielsen, Jeppe and Davidsson, Åsa}},
issn = {{0048-9697}},
keywords = {{16S rRNA gene sequencing; Bacteria; Metals; Organic micropollutants; Water reclamation}},
language = {{eng}},
publisher = {{Elsevier}},
series = {{Science of the Total Environment}},
title = {{Assessing the potential of a membrane bioreactor and granular activated carbon process for wastewater reuse – A full-scale WWTP operated over one year in Scania, Sweden}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165185}},
doi = {{10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165185}},
volume = {{895}},
year = {{2023}},
}