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Enhancing Resilience of FSO Networks to Adverse Weather Conditions

Kalesnikau, Ilya ; Pioro, Michal LU ; Rak, Jacek LU ; Ivanov, Hristo ; Fitzgerald, Emma LU orcid and Leitgeb, Erich (2021) In IEEE Access 9. p.123541-123565
Abstract

Optical wireless networks realized by means of gigabit optical wireless communication (OWC) systems are becoming, in a variety of applications, an important alternative, or a complementary solution, to their fiber-based counterparts. However, performance of the OWC systems can be considerably degraded in periods of unfavorable weather conditions, such as heavy fog, which temporarily reduce the effective capacity of the network. In this paper, we focus on optical wireless mesh networks that use terrestrial links (called FSO – free-space optical – links) composed of several parallel full-duplex FSO systems, and present two complementary solutions that together provide a means to maximize network traffic performance... (More)

Optical wireless networks realized by means of gigabit optical wireless communication (OWC) systems are becoming, in a variety of applications, an important alternative, or a complementary solution, to their fiber-based counterparts. However, performance of the OWC systems can be considerably degraded in periods of unfavorable weather conditions, such as heavy fog, which temporarily reduce the effective capacity of the network. In this paper, we focus on optical wireless mesh networks that use terrestrial links (called FSO – free-space optical – links) composed of several parallel full-duplex FSO systems, and present two complementary solutions that together provide a means to maximize network traffic performance in various weather conditions encountered during network operation. The first solution is a method for estimating the degradation of the effective FSO link capacity in adverse weather conditions such as fog, rain and snow (called the weather states in this paper). The second solution is an optimization model aiming at maximizing the network traffic throughput for a given list of weather states, derived from the conducted measurements. The model assumes the so-called affine flow thinning (AFT) traffic routing and protection mechanism capable of controlling the end-to-end traffic flows in response to fluctuations of capacity available on FSO links caused by changing weather conditions. The proposed link capacity modeling approach and the elaborated optimization model are verified through an exhaustive numerical study, illustrating the trade-off between the increase of traffic performance of the FSO networks and the corresponding cost of additional OWC systems.

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author
; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
adverse weather conditions, affine flow thinning, Atmospheric modeling, FSO link capacity degradation, Optical attenuators, Optical fiber networks, optical wireless communications, optimization, Optimization, Radio frequency, Rain, resilience, Snow, wireless mesh networks
in
IEEE Access
volume
9
pages
123541 - 123565
publisher
IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
external identifiers
  • scopus:85113908191
ISSN
2169-3536
DOI
10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3107243
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
6edd0771-5ce5-496e-921b-5613de3daba4
date added to LUP
2021-09-23 15:43:16
date last changed
2022-05-05 03:47:32
@article{6edd0771-5ce5-496e-921b-5613de3daba4,
  abstract     = {{<p>Optical wireless networks realized by means of gigabit optical wireless communication (OWC) systems are becoming, in a variety of applications, an important alternative, or a complementary solution, to their fiber-based counterparts. However, performance of the OWC systems can be considerably degraded in periods of unfavorable weather conditions, such as heavy fog, which temporarily reduce the effective capacity of the network. In this paper, we focus on optical wireless mesh networks that use terrestrial links (called FSO &amp;#x2013; free-space optical &amp;#x2013; links) composed of several parallel full-duplex FSO systems, and present two complementary solutions that together provide a means to maximize network traffic performance in various weather conditions encountered during network operation. The first solution is a method for estimating the degradation of the effective FSO link capacity in adverse weather conditions such as fog, rain and snow (called the weather states in this paper). The second solution is an optimization model aiming at maximizing the network traffic throughput for a given list of weather states, derived from the conducted measurements. The model assumes the so-called affine flow thinning (AFT) traffic routing and protection mechanism capable of controlling the end-to-end traffic flows in response to fluctuations of capacity available on FSO links caused by changing weather conditions. The proposed link capacity modeling approach and the elaborated optimization model are verified through an exhaustive numerical study, illustrating the trade-off between the increase of traffic performance of the FSO networks and the corresponding cost of additional OWC systems.</p>}},
  author       = {{Kalesnikau, Ilya and Pioro, Michal and Rak, Jacek and Ivanov, Hristo and Fitzgerald, Emma and Leitgeb, Erich}},
  issn         = {{2169-3536}},
  keywords     = {{adverse weather conditions; affine flow thinning; Atmospheric modeling; FSO link capacity degradation; Optical attenuators; Optical fiber networks; optical wireless communications; optimization; Optimization; Radio frequency; Rain; resilience; Snow; wireless mesh networks}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{123541--123565}},
  publisher    = {{IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}},
  series       = {{IEEE Access}},
  title        = {{Enhancing Resilience of FSO Networks to Adverse Weather Conditions}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3107243}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3107243}},
  volume       = {{9}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}